P. Tsonis, M. Madhavan, E. Tancous, D. Rio-tsonis, and K. , A newt's eye view of lens regeneration, The International Journal of Developmental Biology, vol.48, issue.8-9, pp.975-980, 2004.
DOI : 10.1387/ijdb.041867pt

P. Reddien, S. Alvarado, and A. , FUNDAMENTALS OF PLANARIAN REGENERATION, Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, vol.20, issue.1, pp.725-757, 2004.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.20.010403.095114

G. Korotkova, Regeneration in animals. Saint-Petersburg: Saint-Petersburg University Press, 1997.

J. Brockes, A. Kumar, and C. Velloso, Regeneration as an evolutionary variable, Journal of Anatomy, vol.66, issue.1-2, pp.3-11, 2001.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1469-7580.2001.19910003.x

E. Tanaka and P. Reddien, The Cellular Basis for Animal Regeneration, Developmental Cell, vol.21, issue.1, pp.172-185, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.devcel.2011.06.016

S. Alvarado and A. , Regeneration in the metazoans: why does it happen?, BioEssays, vol.91, issue.Supplement, pp.578-590, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(200006)22:6<578::AID-BIES11>3.0.CO;2-#

M. Vervoort, Regeneration and Development in Animals, Biological Theory, vol.52, issue.1, pp.25-35, 2011.
DOI : 10.1007/s13752-011-0005-3

B. Galliot, Hydra, a fruitful model system for 270 years, The International Journal of Developmental Biology, vol.56, issue.6-7-8, pp.411-423, 2012.
DOI : 10.1387/ijdb.120086bg

J. Slack and D. Tosh, Transdifferentiation and metaplasia ??? switching cell types, Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, vol.11, issue.5, pp.581-58, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0959-437X(00)00236-7

J. Brockes and A. Kumar, Comparative Aspects of Animal Regeneration, Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, vol.24, issue.1, pp.525-549, 2008.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.cellbio.24.110707.175336

V. Schmid, Transdifferentiation in Medusae, Int Rev Cytol, vol.142, pp.213-261, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/S0074-7696(08)62077-X

M. Mochii, T. Ono, Y. Matsubara, and G. Eguchi, Spontaneous Transdifferentiation of Quail Pigmented Epithelial Cell Is Accompanied by a Mutation in theMitfGene, Developmental Biology, vol.196, issue.2, pp.145-159, 1998.
DOI : 10.1006/dbio.1998.8864

S. Thowfeequ, E. Myatt, and D. Tosh, Transdifferentiation in developmental biology, disease, and in therapy, Developmental Dynamics, vol.100, issue.12, pp.3208-3217, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/dvdy.21336

G. Wörheide, M. Dohrmann, D. Erpenbeck, C. Larroux, M. Maldonado et al., Deep Phylogeny and Evolution of Sponges (Phylum Porifera), Adv Mar Biol, vol.61, pp.1-78, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-12-387787-1.00007-6

E. Gazave, P. Lapébie, A. Ereskovsky, J. Vacelet, R. E. Cárdenas et al., No longer Demospongiae: Homoscleromorpha formal nomination as a fourth class of Porifera, Hydrobiologia, vol.3, issue.1, pp.3-10, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/s10750-011-0842-x

E. Gaino, R. Manconi, and R. Pronzato, Organizational plasticity as a successful conservative tactics in sponges, Anim Biol, vol.4, pp.31-43, 1995.

T. Simpson, The cell biology of Sponges, 1984.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4612-5214-6

G. Korotkova, Regeneration and somatic embryogenesis in sponges The biology of the Porifera, pp.423-436, 1970.

G. Korotkova, Peculiarities of somatic embryogenesis in sponges, Biologie Des Spongiaures. Paris: Colloques internationaux du C, pp.53-58, 1979.

N. Funayama, The stem cell system in demosponges: Insights into the origin of somatic stem cells, Development, Growth & Differentiation, vol.71, issue.1, pp.1-14, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1440-169X.2009.01162.x

N. Funayama, The stem cell system in demosponges: suggested involvement of two types of cells: archeocytes (active stem cells) and choanocytes (food-entrapping flagellated cells), Development Genes and Evolution, vol.22, issue.5, pp.23-38, 2013.
DOI : 10.1007/s00427-012-0417-5

A. Ereskovsky, The Comparative Embryology of Sponges, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/978-90-481-8575-7

A. Ereskovsky, C. Borchiellini, E. Gazave, J. Ivanisevic, P. Lapébie et al., , a promising sponge model in evolutionary and developmental biology, BioEssays, vol.23, issue.6, pp.89-97, 2009.
DOI : 10.1371: 1-11

A. Ereskovsky and D. Tokina, Asexual reproduction in homoscleromorph sponges (Porifera; Homoscleromorpha), Marine Biology, vol.106, issue.2, pp.425-434, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/s00227-006-0439-5

E. Gazave, D. Lavrov, J. Cabrol, R. E. Rocher, C. Vacelet et al., Systematics and Molecular Phylogeny of the Family Oscarellidae (Homoscleromorpha) with Description of Two New Oscarella Species, PLoS ONE, vol.160, issue.5, p.23737959, 2013.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0063976.s006

I. Borisenko, M. Adamska, D. Tokina, and A. Ereskovsky, Transdifferentiation is a driving force of regeneration in Halisarca dujardini (Demospongiae, Porifera)
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01445159

K. Agata, Y. Saito, and E. Nakajima, Unifying principles of regeneration I: Epimorphosis versus morphallaxis, Development, Growth & Differentiation, vol.233, issue.2, pp.73-78, 2007.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1440-169X.2007.00919.x

S. Kaneto and H. Wada, Regeneration of amphioxus oral cirri and its skeletal rods: implications for the origin of the vertebrate skeleton, Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution, vol.23, issue.6, pp.409-417, 2011.
DOI : 10.1002/jez.b.21411

I. Somorjai, R. Somorjai, J. Garcia-fernàndez, and H. Escrivà, Vertebrate-like regeneration in the invertebrate chordate amphioxus, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.109, issue.2, pp.517-522
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1100045109

B. Rinkevich and Y. Rinkevich, The ???Stars and Stripes??? Metaphor for Animal Regeneration-Elucidating Two Fundamental Strategies along a Continuum, Cells, vol.2, issue.1, pp.1-18, 2013.
DOI : 10.3390/cells2010001

T. Holstein, E. Hobmayer, and U. Technau, Cnidarians: An Evolutionarily Conserved Model System for Regeneration? Dev Dynamics, pp.257-267, 2003.

W. Salvenmoser, D. Riedl, P. Ladurner, and R. Rieger, Early steps in the regeneration of the musculature in Macrostomum sp. (Macrostomorpha), Belg J Zool, vol.131, pp.105-109, 2001.

B. Galliot and L. Ghila, Cell plasticity in homeostasis and regeneration, Molecular Reproduction and Development, vol.102, issue.10, pp.837-55, 2010.
DOI : 10.1002/mrd.21206

G. Korotkova, Regeneration and somatic embryogenesis in the calcareous sponge Leucosolenia complicata Mont, Acta Biol Hung, vol.11, pp.315-334, 1961.

G. Korotkova, Comparative morphological investigations of development of sponges from dissociated cells, Trans Lening Soc Natur, vol.78, pp.74-109, 1972.

M. Laplante, M. Adamska, S. Leininger, and A. Ereskovsky, Sycon ciliatum (Calcarea, Calcaronea) regeneration peculiarities [abstract]. 5th meeting of the European Society for Evolutionary Developmental Biology 22?25, pp.374-375, 2014.

E. Fuchs and J. Segre, Stem Cells, Cell, vol.100, issue.1, pp.143-155, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81691-8

I. Weissman, Stem Cells, Cell, vol.100, issue.1, pp.157-168, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81692-X

R. Borojevic, Différenciation cellulaires dans l'embryogenèse et la morphogenèse chez les Spongiaires The biology of the Porifera, pp.467-490, 1970.

W. Müller, The stem cell concept in sponges (Porifera): Metazoan traits, Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, vol.17, issue.4, pp.481-491, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.semcdb.2006.05.006

V. Isaeva, A. Akhmadieva, Y. Aleksandrova, and A. Shukalyuk, Morphofunctional organization of reserve stem cells providing for asexual and sexual reproduction of invertebrates, Russian Journal of Developmental Biology, vol.40, issue.2, pp.57-68, 2009.
DOI : 10.1134/S1062360409020015

J. Diaz, Transformations histologiques et cytologiques post-traumatiques chez la démosponge Suberites massa Nardo, Bull Mus Nat Hist Nat Paris, vol.445, pp.373-398, 1977.

G. Korotkova, Regeneration and somatic embryogenesis in calcareous sponges of the type Sycon, Vestnik Leningrad Univ, vol.3, pp.34-47, 1963.

G. Korotkova, Peculiarities of morphogenesis and development of the calcareous sponge Leucosolenia complicata Mont. from a small area of the body wall, Vestnik Leningrad Univ, vol.15, pp.15-22, 1969.

G. Korotkova and M. Gelihovskaia, Recherches expérimentales sur le phénomène de polarité chez les éponges calcaires tu type ascon, Cah Biol Mar, vol.IV, pp.47-60, 1963.

A. Ereskovsky, K. Sanamyan, and A. Vishnyakov, Oscarella kamchatkensis sp nov. from the North-West of Pacific, Cah Biol Mar, vol.50, pp.369-381, 2009.

A. Ereskovsky, A new species of Oscarella (Demospongiae: Plakinidae) from the Western Sea of Japan, Zootaxa, vol.1376, pp.37-51, 2006.

V. Isaeva and A. Akhmadieva, Germinal granules in archaeocytes of the sponge Oscarella malakhovi Ereskovsky, 2006, Russian Journal of Marine Biology, vol.37, issue.3, pp.209-216, 2006.
DOI : 10.1134/S1063074011030059

L. Wolpert, Principles of Development, Current Biology Pub, 1998.

M. Daley and K. Yamada, ECM-modulated cellular dynamics as a driving force for tissue morphogenesis, Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, vol.23, issue.4, pp.408-414, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.gde.2013.05.005

A. Ereskovsky, D. Tokina, C. Bézac, and N. Boury-esnault, Metamorphosis of cinctoblastula larvae (Homoscleromorpha, porifera), Journal of Morphology, vol.113, issue.6, pp.518-528, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/jmor.10506

A. Ereskovsky, P. Konyukov, and D. Tokina, Morphogenesis accompanying larval metamorphosis in Plakina trilopha (Porifera, Homoscleromorpha), Zoomorphology, vol.53, issue.1, pp.21-31, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s00435-009-0097-5

A. Ereskovsky, R. E. Borchiellini, and C. , Cellular and molecular processes leading to embryo formation in sponges: evidences for high conservation of processes throughout animal evolution, Development Genes and Evolution, vol.129, issue.1, pp.5-22, 2013.
DOI : 10.1007/s00427-012-0399-3

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01456624

P. Lapébie, E. Gazave, A. Ereskovsky, R. Derelle, R. E. Bézac et al., WNT/??-Catenin Signalling and Epithelial Patterning in the Homoscleromorph Sponge Oscarella, PLoS ONE, vol.4, issue.6, p.5823, 2009.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0005823.s001

Y. Kraus and U. Technau, Gastrulation in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis occurs by invagination and immigration: an ultrastructural study, Development Genes and Evolution, vol.71, issue.10, pp.119-132, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/s00427-005-0038-3

E. Kimberly and J. Hardin, Bottle Cells Are Required for the Initiation of Primary Invagination in the Sea Urchin Embryo, Developmental Biology, vol.204, issue.1, pp.235-250, 1998.
DOI : 10.1006/dbio.1998.9075

R. Keller, L. Davidson, and D. Shook, How we are shaped: The biomechanics of gastrulation, Differentiation, vol.71, issue.3, pp.171-205, 2003.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1432-0436.2003.710301.x

A. Ereskovsky and N. Boury-esnault, Cleavage pattern in Oscarella species (Porifera, Demospongiae, Homoscleromorpha): transmission of maternal cells and symbiotic bacteria, Journal of Natural History, vol.44, issue.15, pp.1761-1775, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/1911317a0

G. Korotkova and N. Nikitin, The comparative morphological analysis of regeneration and somatic embryogenesis of the cornacusponge Halichondria panicea. Reconstructional processes and immunological reactions Morphological investigations of different stages of development of the marine organisms, Leningrad: Nauka, vol.1969, pp.9-16

G. Korotkova and N. Nikitin, The peculiarities of the morphogenesis during the development of cornacusponge Halichondria panicea from the small part of the body. Reconstruction processes and immunological reactions, Morphological investigations of different stages of development of the marine organisms. Leningrad: Nauka, pp.17-26

A. Sukhodolskaya, The mechanism of oscular tube restoration in Ephydatia fluviatilis (L), Morphogenetic Processes during Asexual Reproduction, pp.127-145, 1973.

O. Duboscq and O. Tuzet, Un nouveau stade du développement des éponges calcaires, Compt Rend Acad Sci Paris, vol.200, p.1788, 1935.

D. Eerkes-medrano and S. Leys, Ultrastructure and embryonic development of a syconoid calcareous sponge, Invertebrate Biology, vol.95, issue.3, pp.177-194, 2006.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1096-0031.1998.tb00338.x

S. Leys and A. Ereskovsky, Embryogenesis and larval differentiation in sponges, Canadian Journal of Zoology, vol.84, issue.2, pp.262-287, 2006.
DOI : 10.1139/z05-170

A. Ereskovsky and E. Gonobobleva, New data on embryonic development of Halisarca dujardini Johnston , 1842 (Demospongiae: Halisarcida), Zoosystema, vol.22, pp.355-368, 2000.

E. Gonobobleva and A. Ereskovsky, Polymorphism in free-swimming larvae of Halisarca dujardini (Demosponge, Halisarcida), Boll Mus Ist Biol Univ Genova, vol.68, pp.349-356, 2004.

E. Gonobobleva and A. Ereskovsky, Metamorphosis of the larva of Halisarca dujardini (Demospongiae, Halisarcida), Bull inst Roy Sci nat Belgique Biol, vol.74, pp.101-115, 2004.

S. Leys and D. Eerkes-megrano, Gastrulation in Calcareous Sponges: In Search of Haeckel's Gastraea, Integrative and Comparative Biology, vol.45, issue.2, pp.342-351, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/icb/45.2.342

B. Carlson, Principles of Regenerative Biology, 2007.