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F. R. S-fnrsh, B. M. , P. G. , and M. S. , European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement number 243908, Past4Future 'Climate change ? Learning from the past climate' contribution no CSIC-Ramón y Cajal post-doctoral programme RYC- Clare Hall College); US Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program and the Volcano Science); Danish Council for Independent Research Natural Science OCEANHEAT project 12-126709, French National Research Agency (ANR) under ISOBIOCLIM grant LEFE/INSU/ NAIV project (M.-A.S.); NSF of China grant 41273083 (K.S.) and Shanhai Fund grant 2013SH012 (K.S.); UTIG Ewing-Worzel Fellowship (K.T.); Swedish Research Council grant 621-2011-5090 (H.L.F.); and from a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship for Career Development (V.E.), pp.2013-14073