Characterization of the first cultured representative of a Bacteroidetes clade specialized on the scavenging of cyanobacteria

Wajdi Ben Hania 1 Manon Joseph 1 Boyke Bunk Cathrin Sproer 2 Hans-Peter Klenk 3 Marie-Laure Fardeau 1 Stefan Spring 3
1 MIO - Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie
2 DSMZ - Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH / Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures
3 Leibniz-Institut Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zelllkulturen GmBH - DSMZ (GERMANY)
Abstract : The anaerobic, mesophilic and moderately halophilic strain L21-Spi-D4 T was recently isolated from the suboxic zone of a hypersaline cyanobacterial mat using protein-rich extracts of Arthrospira (formerly Spirulina) platensis as substrate. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA genes indicated an affiliation of the novel strain with the Bacteroidetes clade MgMjR-022, which is widely distributed and abundant in hypersaline microbial mats and heretofore comprised only sequences of uncultured bacteria. Analyses of the complete genome sequence of strain L21-Spi-D4 T revealed a possible specialization on the degradation of cyanobacterial biomass. Besides genes for enzymes degrading specific cyanobacterial proteins a conspicuous transport complex for the polypeptide cyanophycin could be identified that is homologous to typical polysaccharide utilization loci of Bacteroidetes. A distinct and reproducible co-occurrence pattern of environmental 16S rRNA gene sequences of the MgMjR-022 clade and cyanobacte-ria in the suboxic zone of hypersaline mats points to a specific dependence of members of this clade on decaying cyanobacteria. Based on a comparative analysis of phenotypic, genomic and ecological characteristics we propose to establish the novel taxa Salinivirga cyanobacteriivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., represented by the type strain L21-Spi-D4 T , and Sali-nivirgaceae fam. nov., comprising sequences of the MgMjR-022 clade.
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Wajdi Ben Hania, Manon Joseph, Boyke Bunk, Cathrin Sproer, Hans-Peter Klenk, et al.. Characterization of the first cultured representative of a Bacteroidetes clade specialized on the scavenging of cyanobacteria. Environmental Microbiology, Wiley-Blackwell, 2017, 19 (3), pp.1134 - 1148. ⟨10.1111/1462-2920.13639⟩. ⟨hal-01621708⟩

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