K. S. Hocking, J. F. Lamerton, and E. A. Lewis, Tsetse-fly control and eradication, Bull. World Health Organ, vol.28, pp.811-834, 1963.

C. W. Lee, Aerial applications of insecticides for tsetse fly control in East Africa, Bull. World Health Organ, vol.41, pp.261-269, 1969.

D. J. Rogers and J. H. Slingenbergh, Tsetse flies and their control, Rev Sci Tech, vol.13, pp.1075-124, 1994.

M. J. Vreysen, K. M. Saleh, M. Y. Ali, A. M. Abdulla, Z. R. Zhu et al., Glossina a, J Econ Entomol, vol.93, pp.123-158, 2000.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02632376

,

J. M. Bafort and V. Gathiram, Specificity of the Testryp CATT card agglutination test in a non-sleeping-sickness area of Africa, S Afr Med J, vol.69, pp.541-543, 1986.

F. Chappuis, A. Pittet, P. A. Bovier, K. Adams, V. Godineau et al., Field evaluation of the CATT/Trypanosoma brucei gambiense on blood-impregnated filter papers for diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis in southern Sudan, Trop Med Int Heal, vol.7, pp.942-950, 2002.

G. D. Kanmogne, T. Asonganyi, and W. C. Gibson, Detection of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, in serologically positive but aparasitaemic sleeping-sickness suspects in Cameroon

, Ann Trop Med Parasitol, vol.90, pp.475-83, 1996.

,

D. R. Moser, G. A. Cook, D. E. Ochs, C. P. Bailey, M. R. Mckane et al., Detection of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei subspecies by DNA amplification using the polymerase chain reaction, Parasitology, vol.1, pp.57-66, 1989.

L. Penchenier, F. Njokou, E. Eyenga, V. B?, and P. , Evaluation of LATEX/T.b.gambiense for mass screening of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense sleeping sickness in Central Africa

, Acta Trop, vol.85, pp.31-38, 2003.

N. Van-meirvenne, M. E. B?, and P. , Evaluation of variant specific trypanolysis tests for serodiagnosis of human infections with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

, Acta Trop, vol.60, pp.189-99, 1995.

P. B?-uscher, P. Mertens, T. Leclipteux, Q. Gilleman, D. Jacquet et al., Sensitivity and specificity of HAT Sero-K-SeT, a rapid diagnostic test for serodiagnosis of sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense: A case-control study, Lancet Glob Heal, vol.2, pp.70203-70210, 2014.

S. Bisser, C. Lumbala, E. Nguertoum, V. Kande, L. Flevaud et al., Sensitivity and specificity of a prototype rapid diagnostic test for the detection of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infection: A Multi-centric prospective study, PLoS Negl Trop Dis, vol.10, pp.1-16, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01301861

T. Wenzler, S. Yang, D. A. Patrick, O. Braissant, M. A. Ismail et al., In vitro and in vivo evaluation of 28DAP010, a novel diamidine for treatment of second-stage African sleeping sickness, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, vol.58, pp.4452-63, 2014.

,

A. Geiger, C. Hirtz, T. Bellard, E. Centeno, D. Gargani et al., Exocytosis and protein secretion in Trypanosoma, BMC Microbiol, vol.10, issue.20, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02502942

A. Geiger, H. Soumana, I. H. Tchicaya, B. Rofidal, V. Decourcelle et al., Differential expression of midgut proteins in Trypanosoma brucei gambiense-stimulated vs. non-stimulated Glossina palpalis gambiensis flies, Front Microbiol, vol.6, pp.1-12, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01181266

H. Soumana, I. H. Klopp, C. Ravel, S. Nabihoudine, I. Tchicaya et al., RNAseq de novo Assembly Reveals Differential Gene Expression in Glossina palpalis gambiensis infected with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense vs. non-infected and self-cured flies, Front Microbiol, vol.6, 1259.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02067248

F. Brioudes, A. M. Thierry, P. Chambrier, and B. Mollereau, Bendahmane M. Translationally controlled tumor protein is a conserved mitotic growth integrator in animals and plants, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, vol.107, pp.16384-16393, 2010.

,

R. Stierum, M. Gaspari, Y. Dommels, T. Ouatas, H. Pluk et al., Proteome analysis reveals novel proteins associated with proliferation and differentiation of the colorectal cancer cell line Caco-2, Biochim Biophys Acta, vol.1650, pp.204-212, 2003.

F. Arcuri, S. Papa, A. Carducci, R. Romagnoli, S. Liberatori et al., Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) in the human prostate and prostate cancer cells: expression, distribution, and calcium binding activity, Prostate, vol.60, pp.130-170, 2004.

W. Chen, H. Wang, S. Tao, Y. Zheng, W. Wu et al., Tumor protein translationally controlled 1 is a p53 target gene that promotes cell survival, Cell Cycle, vol.12, pp.2321-2329, 2013.

,

U. Bommer, C. Heng, A. Perrin, P. Dash, S. Lobov et al., Roles of the translationally controlled tumour protein (TCTP) and the double-stranded RNAdependent protein kinase, PKR, in cellular stress responses, Oncogene, vol.29, pp.763-73, 2010.

,

L. Susini, S. Besse, D. Duflaut, A. Lespagnol, C. Beekman et al., TCTP protects from apoptotic cell death by antagonizing bax function, Cell Death Differ, vol.15, pp.1211-1231, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00283256

,

C. G. Roque, H. H. Wong, J. Q. Lin, and C. E. Holt, Tumor protein Tctp regulates axon development in the embryonic visual system, Development, vol.143, pp.1134-1182, 2016.

T. Eichhorn, D. Winter, B. B?-uchele, N. Dirdjaja, M. Frank et al., Molecular interaction of artemisinin with translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) of Plasmodium falciparum, Biochem Pharmacol, vol.85, pp.38-45, 2013.

,

O. Kadioglu and T. Efferth, Peptide aptamer identified by molecular docking targeting translationally controlled tumor protein in leukemia cells, Invest New Drugs, vol.34, pp.515-536, 2016.

E. Seo and T. Efferth, Interaction of antihistaminic drugs with human translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) as novel approach for differentiation therapy, Oncotarget, vol.7, pp.16818-16857, 2016.

O. Farikou, F. Njiokou, M. Mbida, J. A. Njitchouang, G. R. Djeunga et al., Tripartite interactions between tsetse flies, Sodalis glossinidius and trypanosomes-An epidemiological approach in two historical human African trypanosomiasis foci in Cameroon, Infect Genet Evol, vol.10, pp.115-136, 2010.

,

E. Aksoy, A. Vigneron, X. Bing, X. Zhao, M. O'neill et al., Mammalian African trypanosome VSG coat enhances tsetse's vector competence, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, vol.113, pp.6961-6967, 2016.

,

A. Geiger, M. L. Fardeau, P. Grebaut, G. Vatunga, T. Jos-enando et al., First isolation of Enterobacter, Enterococcus, and Acinetobacter spp. as inhabitants of the tsetse fly (Glossina palpalis palpalis) midgut, Infect Genet Evol, vol.9, pp.1364-70, 2009.

A. Geiger, M. L. Fardeau, E. Falsen, B. Ollivier, and G. Cuny, Serratia glossinae sp. nov., isolated from the midgut of the tsetse fly Glossina palpalis gambiensis, Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, vol.60, pp.1261-1266, 2010.

A. Geiger, M. L. Fardeau, F. Njiokou, M. Joseph, T. Asonganyi et al., Bacterial diversity associated with populations of Glossina spp. from Cameroon and distribution within the campo sleeping sickness focus, Microb Ecol, vol.62, pp.632-675, 2011.

S. Hansenov-a-ma-n-askov-a, F. J. Bikker, K. Nazmi, R. Van-zuidam, J. A. Slotman et al., Incorporation of a Valine-Leucine-Lysine-containing substrate in the bacterial cell wall, Bioconjug Chem, vol.27, pp.2418-2441, 2016.

K. Shah and P. Weers, Binding of lysine residues of apolipophorin III to phosphatidylglycerol membranes, FASEB journal, vol.30, issue.1, pp.661-666, 2016.

A. Geiger, S. Ravel, T. Mateille, J. Janelle, D. Patrel et al., Vector competence of Glossina palpalis gambiensis for Trypanosoma brucei s.l. and genetic diversity of the symbiont Sodalis glossinidius, Mol Biol Evol, vol.24, pp.102-111, 2007.

,

H. Soumana, I. Simo, G. Njiokou, F. Tchicaya, B. Abd-alla et al., The bacterial flora of tsetse fly midgut and its effect on trypanosome transmission, J Invertebr Pathol, vol.112, pp.89-93, 2013.

F. Wang, C. Hu, X. Hua, L. Song, and Q. Xia, Translationally controlled tumor protein, a dual functional protein involved in the immune response of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, PLoS One, vol.8, p.69284, 2013.

C. Hu and S. Aksoy, Innate immune responses regulate trypanosome parasite infection of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans morsitans, Mol Microbiol, vol.60, pp.1194-204, 2006.

A. Nten, C. M. Sommerer, N. Rofidal, V. Hirtz, C. Rossignol et al., Excreted/secreted proteins from trypanosome procyclic strains, J Biomed Biotechnol, p.212817, 2010.

P. Gr-ebaut, P. Chuchana, J. P. Brizard, E. Demettre, M. Seveno et al., Identification of total and differentially expressed excreted-secreted proteins from Trypanosoma congolense strains exhibiting different virulence and pathogenicity, Int J Parasitol, vol.39, pp.1137-50, 2009.

H. Soumana, I. Berthier, D. Tchicaya, B. Thevenon, S. Njiokou et al., Population dynamics of Glossina palpalis gambiensis symbionts, Sodalis glossinidius, and Wigglesworthia glossinidia, throughout host-fly development, Infect Genet Evol, vol.13, pp.41-49, 2013.

M. Moss, Bacterial pigments. Microbiologist, vol.3, pp.10-12, 2002.

L. J. Nitcheu, J. Predicala, R. Z. Mangalindan, G. C. Nesslany, F. Marzin et al., Heptyl prodigiosin, a bacterial metabolite is antimalarial in vivo and non-mutagenic in vitro, J Nat Toxins, vol.11, pp.367-77, 2002.

P. Azambuja, E. S. Garcia, and N. A. Ratcliffe, Gut microbiota and parasite transmission by insect vectors, Trends Parasitol, vol.21, pp.568-72, 2005.

C. M. Cirimotich, Y. Dong, A. M. Clayton, S. L. Sandiford, J. A. Souza-neto et al., Natural microbemediated refractoriness to Plasmodium infection in Anopheles gambiae, Science, vol.332, pp.855-863, 2011.

,

R. V. Rio, Y. Hu, and S. Aksoy, Strategies of the home-team: symbioses exploited for vector-borne disease control, Trends Microbiol, vol.12, pp.325-361, 2004.

,

U. Alam, J. Medlock, C. Brelsfoard, R. Pais, C. Lohs et al., Wolbachia symbiont infections induce strong cytoplasmic incompatibility in the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans, PLoS Pathog, vol.7, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02645336

,

,

H. Sch?-agger, Tricine-sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins in the range from 1 to 100 kDa, Anal Biochem, vol.1, pp.90587-90589, 1987.

T. Wenzler, S. Yang, D. A. Patrick, O. Braissant, M. A. Ismail et al., In vitro and in vivo evaluation of 28DAP010, a novel diamidine for treatment of second-stage African sleeping sickness

, Antimicrob Agents Chemother, vol.58, issue.8, pp.4452-63, 2014.

C. Steentoft, S. Y. Vakhrushev, H. J. Joshi, Y. Kong, M. B. Vester-christensen et al., Precision mapping of the human O-GalNAc glycoproteome through Simple-Cell technology, EMBO J, vol.32, pp.1478-88, 2013.

,

J. E. Larsen, O. Lund, and M. Nielsen, Improved method for predicting linear B-cell epitopes, Immunome Res, vol.2, issue.2, 2006.

J. V. Kringelum, C. Lundegaard, O. Lund, and M. Nielsen, Reliable B cell epitope predictions: Impacts of method development and improved benchmarking, PLoS Comput Biol, vol.8, 2012.

A. Dereeper, V. Guignon, G. Blanc, S. Audic, S. Buffet et al., fr: robust phylogenetic analysis for the non-specialist, Nucleic Acids Res, vol.36, issue.2, pp.465-474, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/lirmm-00324099

R. C. Edgar, MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput, Nucleic Acids Res, vol.32, pp.1792-1799, 2004.

S. Guindon, J. F. Dufayard, V. Lefort, M. Anisimova, W. Hordijk et al., New algorithms and methods to estimate Maximum-Likelihood Phylogenies: Assessing the performance of PhyML 3.0, Syst Biol, vol.59, pp.307-328, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/lirmm-00511784

,

M. Anisimova and O. Gascuel, Approximate likelihood ratio test for branch: A fast, accurate and powerful alternative

, Syst Biol, vol.55, pp.539-52, 2006.