G. Bellani, J. Laffey, T. Pham, E. Fan, L. Brochard et al., Epidemiol? ogy, patterns of care, and mortality for patients with acute respira? tory distress syndrome in intensive care units in 50 countries, JAMA, issue.8, pp.315788-800, 2016.

R. Brower, M. Matthay, A. Morris, D. Schoenfeld, and B. Thompson, Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome, N Engl J Med, vol.342, issue.18, pp.1301-1309, 2000.

C. Guérin, J. Reignier, J. Richard, P. Beuret, A. Gacouin et al., Prone Positioning in Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.368, issue.23, pp.2159-68, 2013.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa1214103

L. Brochard, A. Slutsky, and A. Pesenti, Mechanical Ventilation to Minimize Progression of Lung Injury in Acute Respiratory Failure, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol.27, issue.4, pp.438-480, 2017.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.2016.0291

T. Yoshida, S. Nakahashi, M. Nakamura, Y. Koyama, R. Roldan et al., Volume-controlled Ventilation Does Not Prevent Injurious Inflation during Spontaneous Effort, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol.37, issue.5, 2017.
DOI : 10.1164/rccm.201605-1016OC

V. Fanelli, Y. Morita, P. Cappello, M. Ghazarian, B. Sugumar et al., Neuromuscular Blocking Agent Cisatracurium Attenuates Lung Injury by Inhibition of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-??1, Anesthesiology, vol.124, issue.1, pp.132-172, 2016.
DOI : 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000907

J. Forel, A. Roch, V. Marin, P. Michelet, D. Demory et al., Neuromuscular blocking agents decrease inflammatory response in patients presenting with acute respiratory distress syndrome*, Critical Care Medicine, vol.34, issue.11, pp.2749-57, 2006.
DOI : 10.1097/01.CCM.0000239435.87433.0D

C. Guervilly, M. Bisbal, J. Forel, M. Mechati, S. Lehingue et al., Effects of neuromuscular blockers on transpulmonary pressures in moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, Intensive Care Medicine, vol.81, issue.3, pp.408-426, 2017.
DOI : 10.1007/s00134-006-0278-3

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01521261

A. Slutsky, Neuromuscular Blocking Agents in ARDS, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.363, issue.12, pp.1176-80, 2010.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMe1007136

M. Murray, H. Deblock, B. Erstad, A. Gray, J. Jacobi et al., Clinical practice guidelines for sustained neuromuscular blockade in the adult critically ill patient: 2016 update???executive summary, American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, vol.74, issue.2, pp.76-84, 2017.
DOI : 10.2146/ajhp160803

P. Bouju, J. Tadié, N. Barbarot, J. Letheulle, F. Uhel et al., Clinical assessment and train-of-four measurements in critically ill patients treated with recommended doses of cisatracurium or atracurium for neuromuscular blockade: a prospective descriptive study, Annals of Intensive Care, vol.27, issue.1, p.10, 2017.
DOI : 10.1007/s001340100964

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01485180

M. Baumann, B. Mcalpin, K. Brown, P. Patel, I. Ahmad et al., A Prospective Randomized Comparison of Train-of-Four Monitoring and Clinical Assessment During Continuous ICU Cisatracurium Paralysis, Chest, vol.126, issue.4, pp.1267-73, 2004.
DOI : 10.1378/chest.126.4.1267

C. Strange, L. Vaughan, C. Franklin, and J. Johnson, Comparison of Train-of-Four and Best Clinical Assessment during Continuous Paralysis, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol.22, issue.5, pp.1556-61, 1997.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01708798

M. Murray, J. Cowen, H. Deblock, B. Erstad, A. Gray et al., Clinical practice guidelines for sustained neuromuscular blockade in the adult critically ill patient, Critical Care Medicine, vol.30, issue.1, pp.142-56, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00003246-200201000-00021

C. Sessler, M. Gosnell, M. Grap, G. Brophy, O. Neal et al., The Richmond Agitation???Sedation Scale, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, vol.166, issue.10, pp.1338-1382, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00003246-199908000-00016

E. Ely, T. B. Shintani, A. Thomason, J. Wheeler, A. Gordon et al., Monitoring Sedation Status Over Time in ICU Patients, JAMA, vol.289, issue.22, pp.2983-91, 2003.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.289.22.2983

URL : http://jama.jamanetwork.com/data/journals/jama/4883/jce20052.pdf

D. Frenzel, C. Greim, C. Sommer, K. Bauerle, and N. Roewer, Is the bispectral index appropriate for monitoring the sedation level of mechanically ventilated surgical ICU patients?, Intensive Care Medicine, vol.28, issue.2, pp.178-83, 2002.
DOI : 10.1007/s00134-001-1183-4

F. Lagneau, L. Benayoun, B. Plaud, F. Bonnet, J. Favier et al., The interpretation of train-of-four monitoring in intensive care: what about the muscle site and the current intensity?, Intensive Care Medicine, vol.27, issue.6, pp.1058-63, 2001.
DOI : 10.1007/s001340100964

M. Gainnier, A. Roch, J. Forel, X. Thirion, J. Arnal et al., Effect of neuromuscular blocking agents on gas exchange in patients presenting with acute respiratory distress syndrome*, Critical Care Medicine, vol.32, issue.1, pp.113-122, 2004.
DOI : 10.1097/01.CCM.0000104114.72614.BC

B. De-jonghe, S. Bastuji?garin, P. Fangio, J. Lacherade, J. Jabot et al., Sedation algorithm in critically ill patients without acute brain injury, Critical Care Medicine, vol.33, issue.1, pp.120-127, 2005.
DOI : 10.1097/01.CCM.0000150268.04228.68

B. De-jonghe, T. Sharshar, J. Lefaucheur, F. Authier, I. Durand?zaleski et al., Paresis Acquired in the Intensive Care Unit<SUBTITLE>A Prospective Multicenter Study</SUBTITLE>, JAMA, vol.288, issue.22, pp.2859-67, 2002.
DOI : 10.1001/jama.288.22.2859

B. De-jonghe, J. Lacherade, T. Sharshar, and H. Outin, Intensive care unit-acquired weakness: Risk factors and prevention, Critical Care Medicine, vol.37, pp.309-324, 2009.
DOI : 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181b6e64c

R. Griffiths and J. Hall, Intensive care unit-acquired weakness, Critical Care Medicine, vol.38, issue.3, pp.779-87, 2010.
DOI : 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181cc4b53

J. Hansen?flaschen, J. Cowen, and E. Raps, Neuromuscular Blockade in the Intensive Care Unit: More than We Bargained for, American Review of Respiratory Disease, vol.98, issue.1, pp.234-240, 1993.
DOI : 10.1093/bja/62.2.177

D. Testelmans, K. Maes, P. Wouters, S. Powers, M. Decramer et al., Infusions of rocuronium and cisatracurium exert different effects on rat diaphragm function, Intensive Care Medicine, vol.67, issue.5, pp.872-881, 2007.
DOI : 10.1271/bbb.67.244

P. Sauder, M. Andreoletti, G. Cambonie, G. Capellier, M. Feissel et al., Sedation and analgesia in intensive care (with the exception of new?born babies) French Society of Anesthesia and Resuscitation. French?speaking Resuscitation Society, Ann Fr Anesth Reanim, vol.27, pp.7-8541, 2008.

F. Donati, C. Meistelman, and B. Plaud, Vecuronium Neuromuscular Blockade at the Diaphragm, the Orbicularis Oculi, and Adductor Pollicis Muscles, Anesthesiology, vol.73, issue.5, pp.870-875, 1990.
DOI : 10.1097/00000542-199011000-00013

F. Donati, C. Meistelman, and B. Plaud, Vecuronium Neuromuscular Blockade at the Adductor Muscles of the Larynx and Adductor Pollicis, Anesthesiology, vol.74, issue.5, pp.833-840, 1991.
DOI : 10.1097/00000542-199105000-00006

K. Kirov, C. Motamed, and G. Dhonneur, Differential Sensitivity of Abdominal Muscles and the Diaphragm to Mivacurium, Anesthesiology, vol.95, issue.6, pp.1323-1331, 2001.
DOI : 10.1097/00000542-200112000-00008

G. Van-den-berghe, A. Wilmer, G. Hermans, W. Meersseman, P. Wouters et al., Intensive Insulin Therapy in the Medical ICU, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.354, issue.5, pp.449-61, 2006.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa052521

C. Boulila, B. Abdallah, S. Marincamp, A. Coic, V. Lauverjat et al., Use of Neuromuscular Blockers During Therapeutic Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest: A Nursing Protocol, Critical Care Nurse, vol.36, issue.6, pp.33-40, 2016.
DOI : 10.4037/ccn2016387