, Notes 1 Translation by Caroline Mackenzie
, Two important studies, with further bibliography, pp.1400-1800, 2008.
, The Return of the Guilds, vol.53, p.16, 2008.
Histoire et usages d'une conquête sociale, 2014. ,
, Household Strategies for Survival 1600-2000: Fission, Faction and Cooperation, special issue of International Review of Social History 45, vol.8, 2000.
, Danielle van den Heuvel, Women and Entrepreneurship: Female Traders in the Northern Netherlands, pp.1580-1815, 2007.
Paltry Peddlers or Essential Merchants?, Women in the Distributive Trades in Early Modern Nuremberg, vol.12, 1981. ,
Gender, and Guilds in Early Modern Europe: An Overview of Recent Research, The Return of the Guilds ,
Women and Guilds in Bologna: The Ambiguities of "Marginality, Radical History Review, vol.70, 1998. ,
, Elizabeth Musgrave's study of Nantes reveals an increased participation of women in the corporations as a result of economic growth (in 1728, for instance, the tailors' guild created a mistresses' section): Elizabeth Musgrave, 'Women and the Craft Guilds in Eighteenth-Century Nantes, The Artisan and the European Town, 15001900, vol.16, 1989.
The Seamstresses of Old Regime France, pp.1675-1791, 2001. ,
, Female Agency in the Urban Economy: Gender in European Towns, pp.1640-1830, 2013.
, Histoire de Lyon des origines à nos jours (Lyon: Éditions Lyonnaises d'Art et d'Histoire, p.589, 2007.
, Lyon et les Lyonnais au XVIIIe siècle, p.594, 1970.
, , p.326
The Body, the Corporate Idiom, and the Police of the Unincorporated Worker in Early Modern Lyons, French Historical Studies, vol.23, p.551, 2000. ,
Les conflits du travail portés en justice, Lyon, XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles, Le travail avant la révolution industrielle, p.605, 2006. ,
, Être veuve sous l'Ancien Régime, pp.276-77, 2001.
, From Wives to Widows in Early Modern Paris: Gender, Economy, and Law, 2007.
See also AML, vol.168, 1667. ,
, AML, vol.305, issue.266, 1679.
, While unmarried daughters under 25 (the legal age of majority) were minors under the authority of their father
, The term marchandes publiques was adopted from Parisian common law and used exclusively for women who sold goods not produced by their husbands. A married woman could enter into contracts, under these conditions, 'for her wares' (pour le fait de sa marchandise), which would, given the notion of prop-erty held in common
Introduction historique au droit XIIIe-XXe siècles (Paris: Librairie générale de droit et de jurisprudence, History Workshop Journal, vol.59, p.270, 2000. ,
, Women and Property in Early Modern England, vol.140, pp.58-69, 1993.
Women Who Wove in the Eighteenth-Century Silk Industry of Lyon, p.47, 1995. ,
Les ouvrières de la soie à Lyon au XVIIIe siècle, pp.117-135 ,
Ouvriers et artisans au XVIIIe siècle. L'exemple lyonnais et les problèmes de classification, Maurice Garden, un historien dans la ville, pp.88-91, 2008. ,
Ouvriers et artisans au XVIIIe siècle, p.89 ,
Ouvriers et artisans au XVIIIe siècle, p.89 ,
Ouvriers et artisans au XVIIIe siècle, pp.89-91 ,
, AML, vol.305, issue.264, 1667.
Engendering the Guilds: Seamstresses, Tailors, and the Clash of Corporate Identities in Old Regime France, French Historical Studies, vol.23, pp.340-381, 2000. ,
, At the same time
, , p.1773, 1761.
, A similar phenomenon was seen in Nantes during the second half of the eigh-teenth century: Samuel Guicheteau, La révolution des ouvriers nantais: muta-tion économique, identité sociale et dynamique révolutionnaire, Presses universitaires de Rennes, pp.111-124, 2008.
They were not allowed to take on apprentices or employ journeymen/women. Each woman had to pay the guild 9 livres as an 'entry fee' and an annual fee of 20 sols, 1682. ,
,
, AML, 1 C 305 266, 1679.
, , 1708.
,
, , pp.558-169
, See for instance AML HH 224, vol.225, 1712.
, , 1757.
, , 1692.
See also HH 215, vol.170, 1674. ,
, , 1700.
, , vol.168, 1682.
, , 1715.
, , vol.260, 1761.
, , 1750.
, , p.561
, , pp.207-215
, , 1750.
Women in the Underground Business of Eighteenth-Century Lyon, Enterprise & Society, vol.2, 2001. ,
, AML, pp.147-55
, , 1711.
, , p.20
See also Archives nationales (AN), F12 764 B, 1711. ,
, , 1727.
, , 1761.
, , pp.1727-1755
, , 1760.
, , 1763.
, , 1711.
, , 1765.
, , 1763.
, , 1743.
, The Fabric that Made the Modern World, 2013.
Fashion's Favourite: The Cotton Trade and the Consumer in Britain, pp.29-42, 1991. ,
East & West: Textiles and Fashion in Early Modern Europe, Journal of Social History, vol.41, p.898, 2008. ,
, The embargo was lifted in 1759 following a long debate on free trade, known as the querelle des toiles peintes (dispute over painted cloth). However, because calicos had to pay heavy taxes on entering France after 1759
, Intendants were the king's agents in the provinces. They were, inter alia, responsible for the repression of smuggling
Olivier Le Gouic, 'La contrebande des indiennes à Lyon au temps de la prohibition, Territoires Marguerite Figeac-Monthus and Christophe Lastécouères, pp.86-87, 1739. ,
, Archives départementales du Rhône (ADR), 1 C 249, 1725.
, , vol.1304, p.1752, 1748.
Seeking Separations: Gender, Marriage, and Household Economies in Early Modern France, French Historical Studies, vol.21, pp.160-61, 1998. ,
, See for instance Phillips, ADR, 1 C 279, pp.118-137, 1718.
, ADR, 1 C 279, 1718.
, ADR, 5 C, vol.12, 1756.
, ADR, vol.12, 1756.
, ADR, 5 C, vol.12, 1756.
, The same phenomenon was found in Paris: Philippe Haudrère, ADR, 1 C 277, vol.5, 1722.
, L'industrie et ses patrons XVIe-XXe siècle. Mélanges offerts à Serge Chassagne (Valenciennes: Presses universitaires de Valenciennes, pp.178-79, 2009.
, ADR, 1 C 277, 1722.
, ADR, vol.12, 1756.
, ADR, 1 C 277, 1722.
, , 1741.
, Archives départementales de l'Isère (ADI), 2 C 101, 1757.
Women Without Men: Widows and Spinsters in Britain and France in the Eighteenth Century, Journal of Family History, vol.9, pp.158-162, 1984. ,
, ADR, 1 C 277, p.1722
, ADR, 1 C 277, 1723.
Fabricating Women; Musgrave ,
DOI : 10.1215/9780822383062
Ensemble et séparés', Preface to Erving Goffman, L'arrangement des sexes, p.9, 2002. ,
Engendering the Guilds: Seamstresses, Tailors, and the Clash of Corporate Identities in Old Regime France, Fabricating Women. The Seamstresses of Old Regime France, vol.23, pp.1675-1791, 2000. ,
, , 2001.
Lyon et les Lyonnais au XVIIIe siècle, Ouvriers et artisans au XVIIIe siècle. L'exemple lyonnais et les problèmes de classification'. In Maurice Garden, un historien dans la ville, pp.1400-1800, 1970. ,
, Éditions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme, pp.87-112, 2008.
Women in the Underground Business of Eighteenth-Century Lyon', Enterprise & Society, vol.2, pp.11-40, 2001. ,
Seeking Separations: Gender, Marriage, and Household Economies in Early Modern France, French Historical Studies, vol.21, pp.157-80, 1998. ,
Women and Entrepreneurship: Female Traders in the Northern Netherlands, c. 1580-1815, 2007. ,
From Wives to Widows in Early Modern Paris: Gender, Economy, and Law, 2007. ,
Women and the Craft Guilds in Eighteenth-Century Nantes, The Artisan and the European Town, 1500-1900, pp.151-71, 2007. ,
, Female Agency in the Urban Economy: Gender in European Towns, pp.1640-1830, 2013.
Paltry Peddlers or Essential Merchants?, Women in the Distributive Trades in Early Modern Nuremberg, vol.12, pp.3-13, 1981. ,