R. V. Lloyd, R. Y. Osamura, G. Kloppel, and J. Rosai, WHO classification of tumours: pathology and genetics of tumours of endocrine organs: Lyon: IARC, 2017.

L. Fishbein, I. Leshchiner, V. Walter, L. Danilova, A. G. Robertson et al., Comprehensive Molecular Characterization of Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma, Cancer Cell, vol.31, issue.2, pp.181-93, 2017.

J. Crona, D. Taieb, and K. Pacak, New Perspectives on Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: Toward a Molecular Classification, Endocr Rev, vol.38, issue.6, p.5716829, 2017.

B. E. Baysal, R. E. Ferrell, J. E. Willett-brozick, E. C. Lawrence, D. Myssiorek et al., Mutations in SDHD, a mitochondrial complex II gene, in hereditary paraganglioma, Science, vol.287, issue.5454, pp.848-51, 2000.

D. Astuti, F. Latif, A. Dallol, P. L. Dahia, F. Douglas et al., Gene mutations in the succinate dehydrogenase subunit SDHB cause susceptibility to familial pheochromocytoma and to familial paraganglioma, Am J Hum Genet, vol.69, issue.1, pp.49-54, 2001.

P. Central and P. , , p.1226047

S. Niemann and U. Muller, Mutations in SDHC cause autosomal dominant paraganglioma, type 3, Nat Genet, vol.26, issue.3, pp.268-70, 2000.

N. Burnichon, J. J. Briere, R. Libe, L. Vescovo, J. Riviere et al., SDHA is a tumor suppressor gene causing paraganglioma, Hum Mol Genet, vol.19, issue.15, pp.3011-3031, 2010.

H. X. Hao, O. Khalimonchuk, M. Schraders, N. Dephoure, J. P. Bayley et al., SDH5, a gene required for flavination of succinate dehydrogenase, is mutated in paraganglioma, Science, vol.325, issue.5944, pp.1139-1181, 2009.

L. J. Castro-vega, A. Buffet, A. A. De-cubas, A. Cascon, M. Menara et al., Germline mutations in FH confer predisposition to malignant pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas, Hum Mol Genet, vol.23, issue.9, pp.2440-2446, 2013.

A. Cascon, I. Comino-mendez, M. Curras-freixes, A. A. De-cubas, L. Contreras et al., Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies MDH2 as a New Familial Paraganglioma Gene, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol.107, issue.5, 2015.

P. Garrigue, A. Bodin-hullin, L. Balasse, S. Fernandez, W. Essamet et al., The evolving role of succinate in tumor metabolism: an 18F-FDG-based study, J Nucl Med, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01770170

I. Jochmanova, C. Yang, Z. Zhuang, and K. Pacak, Hypoxia-inducible factor signaling in pheochromocytoma: turning the rudder in the right direction, J Natl Cancer Inst, vol.105, issue.17, pp.1270-83, 2013.

E. Letouze, C. Martinelli, C. Loriot, N. Burnichon, N. Abermil et al., SDH Mutations Establish a Hypermethylator Phenotype in Paraganglioma, Cancer cell, vol.23, issue.6, pp.739-52, 2013.

D. E. Benn, A. P. Gimenez-roqueplo, J. R. Reilly, J. Bertherat, J. Burgess et al., Clinical presentation and penetrance of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndromes, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, vol.91, issue.3, pp.827-863, 2006.

H. J. Timmers, C. C. Chen, J. A. Carrasquillo, M. Whatley, A. Ling et al., Staging and functional characterization of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography, J Natl Cancer Inst, vol.104, issue.9, pp.700-708, 2012.

F. J. Hes, M. M. Weiss, S. A. Woortman, N. F. De-miranda, P. A. Van-bunderen et al., Low penetrance of a SDHB mutation in a large Dutch paraganglioma family, BMC Med Genet, vol.11, p.2891715, 2010.

F. Schiavi, R. L. Milne, E. Anda, P. Blay, M. Castellano et al., Are we overestimating the penetrance of mutations in SDHB?, Hum Mutat, vol.31, issue.6, pp.761-763, 2010.

D. C. Solis, N. Burnichon, H. J. Timmers, M. J. Raygada, A. Kozupa et al., Penetrance and clinical consequences of a gross SDHB deletion in a large family, Clin Genet, vol.75, issue.4, pp.354-63, 2009.

J. A. Rijken, N. D. Niemeijer, M. A. Jonker, K. Eijkelenkamp, J. C. Jansen et al., The penetrance of paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma in SDHB germline mutation carriers, Clin Genet, 2017.

K. A. Andrews, D. B. Ascher, D. Pires, D. R. Barnes, L. Vialard et al., Tumour risks and genotype-phenotype correlations associated with germline variants in succinate dehydrogenase subunit genes SDHB, SDHC and SDHD, J Med Genet, 2018.

A. M. Bayoumi, A. D. Brown, and A. M. Garber, Cost-effectiveness of androgen suppression therapies in advanced prostate cancer, J Natl Cancer Inst, vol.92, issue.21, pp.1731-1740, 2000.

S. W. Duffy, N. E. Day, L. Tabar, H. H. Chen, and T. C. Smith, Markov models of breast tumor progression: some age-specific results, J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr, vol.22, pp.93-100, 1997.

P. R. Portschy, K. M. Kuntz, and T. M. Tuttle, Survival outcomes after contralateral prophylactic mastectomy: a decision analysis, J Natl Cancer Inst, vol.106, issue.8, 2014.

K. Wang, M. Li, D. Hadley, R. Liu, J. Glessner et al., PennCNV: an integrated hidden Markov model designed for high-resolution copy number variation detection in whole-genome SNP genotyping data, Genome Res, vol.17, issue.11, pp.1665-74, 2007.

P. Central and P. , , p.2045149

A. S. Hoekstra, P. Devilee, and J. P. Bayley, Models of parent-of-origin tumorigenesis in hereditary paraganglioma, Semin Cell Dev Biol, vol.43, pp.117-141, 2015.

S. Lee, E. Nakamura, H. Yang, W. Wei, M. S. Linggi et al., Neuronal apoptosis linked to EglN3 prolyl hydroxylase and familial pheochromocytoma genes: developmental culling and cancer, Cancer Cell, vol.8, issue.2, pp.155-67, 2005.

A. S. Hoekstra, E. F. Hensen, E. S. Jordanova, E. Korpershoek, A. N. Van-der-horst-schrivers et al., Loss of maternal chromosome 11 is a signature event in SDHAF2, SDHD, and VHL-related paragangliomas, but less significant in SDHB-related paragangliomas, Oncotarget, vol.8, issue.9, p.5362423, 2017.

J. Kugelberg, J. Welander, F. Schiavi, A. Fassina, M. Backdahl et al., Role of SDHAF2 and SDHD in von Hippel-Lindau associated pheochromocytomas, World J Surg, vol.38, issue.3, p.24322175, 2014.

J. Crona, S. Backman, R. Maharjan, M. Mayrhofer, P. Stalberg et al., Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity Characterizes the Genetic Landscape of Pheochromocytoma and Defines Early Events in Tumorigenesis, Clin Cancer Res, vol.21, issue.19, pp.4451-60, 2015.

C. M. Shachaf, A. J. Gentles, S. Elchuri, D. Sahoo, Y. Soen et al., Genomic and proteomic analysis reveals a threshold level of MYC required for tumor maintenance, Cancer Res, vol.68, issue.13, p.4191850, 2008.