G. De-the and R. Bomford, An HTLV-I vaccine: why, how, for whom?, AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, vol.9, pp.381-386, 1993.

C. Hlela, S. Shepperd, N. P. Khumalo, and G. P. Taylor, The prevalence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 in the general population is unknown, AIDS Rev, vol.1, pp.205-219, 2009.

A. Gessain and O. Cassar, Epidemiological Aspects and World Distribution of HTLV-1 Infection, Front Microbiol, vol.15, p.388, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01370951

A. Manns, R. J. Wilks, E. L. Murphy, G. Haynes, J. P. Figueroa et al., A prospective study of transmission by transfusion of HTLV-I and risk factors associated with seroconversion, Int J Cancer, vol.51, pp.886-91, 1992.

E. Donegan, H. Lee, E. A. Operskalski, G. M. Shaw, S. H. Kleinman et al., Transfusion transmission of retroviruses: human T-lymphotropic virus types I and II compared with human immunodeficiency virus type 1, Transfusion, vol.34, pp.478-83, 1994.

L. B. Cook, A. Melamed, M. A. Demontis, D. J. Laydon, J. M. Fox et al., Rapid dissemination of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 during primary infection in transplant recipients, Retrovirology, vol.8, p.3, 2016.

E. L. Murphy, J. P. Figueroa, W. N. Gibbs, A. Brathwaite, M. Holding-cobham et al., Sexual transmission of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), Ann Intern Med, vol.111, pp.555-60, 1989.

S. Z. Wiktor, P. E. Rosenberg, P. S. Barnett, M. Palmer, P. Medeiros et al., Mother-to-child transmission of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I associated with prolonged breast-feeding, J. Hum. Virol, vol.1, pp.37-44, 1997.

S. Hino, Establishment of the milk-borne transmission as a key factor for the peculiar endemicity of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1): the ATL Prevention Program Nagasaki, Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci, vol.87, pp.152-66, 2011.

E. L. Murphy, J. P. Figueroa, W. N. Gibbs, M. Holding-cobham, and B. Cranston, Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) seroprevalence in Jamaica. Demographic determinants, Am J Epidemiol, vol.133, pp.1114-1138, 1991.

J. E. Kaplan, M. Osame, H. Kubota, A. Igata, and H. Nishitani, The risk of development of HTLV-Iassociated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis among persons infected with HTLV-I, J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, vol.3, pp.1096-101, 1990.

L. C. Romanelli, P. Caramelli, M. L. Martins, D. U. Gonçalves, and F. A. Proietti, Incidence of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis in a long-term prospective cohort study of initially asymptomatic individuals in Brazil, AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, vol.29, pp.1199-202, 2013.

A. Gessain, F. Barin, J. C. Vernant, O. Gout, and L. Maurs, Antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus type-I in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis, Lancet, vol.2, pp.407-417, 1985.

A. Dehée, R. Césaire, N. Désiré, A. Lézin, and O. Bourdonné, Quantitation of HTLV-I proviral load by a TaqMan real-time PCR assay, J Virol Methods, vol.102, pp.37-51, 2002.

D. Castro-costa and C. M. , Proposal for diagnostic criteria of tropical spastic paraparesis/ HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM), AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, vol.22, pp.931-935, 1989.

T. Matsuzaki, M. Nakagawa, M. Nagai, K. Usuku, and I. Higuchi, HTLV-I proviral load correlates with progression of motor disability in HAM/TSP: analysis of 239 HAM/TSP patients including 64 patients followed up for 10 years, J Neurovirol, vol.7, pp.228-262, 2001.

E. Gotuzzo, J. Cabrera, L. Deza, K. Verdonck, and A. M. Vandamme, Clinical characteristics of patients in Peru with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1-associated tropical spastic paraparesis, Clin Infect Dis, vol.39, pp.939-983, 2004.

F. Martin, A. Fedina, S. Youshya, and G. P. Taylor, A 15-year prospective longitudinal study of disease progression in patients with HTLV-1 associated myelopathy in the UK, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, vol.81, pp.1336-1376, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00559609

S. Olindo, P. Cabre, A. Lézin, H. Merle, and M. Saint-vil, Natural history of human T-lymphotropic virus 1-associated myelopathy: a 14-year follow-up study, Arch Neurol, vol.63, pp.1560-1566, 2006.

M. Osame, R. Janssen, H. Kubota, H. Nishitani, and A. Igata, Nationwide survey of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy in Japan: association with blood transfusion, Ann Neurol, vol.28, pp.50-56, 1990.

N. Monplaisir, I. Valette, Y. Dezaphy, and C. Neisson-vernant, Blood transfusion and HTLV-1 infection in Martinique, HTLV-1 and the Nervous System, pp.533-539, 1989.

J. M. Mansuy, L. Schlegel, L. Villeneuve, C. Mengelle, and J. F. Magnaval, Seroprevalence of retroviral infections among pregnant women in Martinique (French West Indies), Am J Trop Med Hyg, vol.61, pp.598-607, 1999.

R. Césaire, O. Bera, H. Maier, A. Lezin, and J. Martial, Seroindeterminate patterns and seroconversions to human T-lymphotropic virus type I positivity in blood donors from Martinique, French West Indies. Transfusion, vol.39, pp.1145-1154, 1999.

E. Gardien, L. Schlegel, N. Desbois, and R. Chout, Prevalence of intestinal parasitism in the public laboratories of Martinique: development from 1988 to 1995, Bull Soc Pathol Exot, vol.90, pp.169-71, 1997.

L. M. Lima, L. S. Cardoso, S. B. Santos, R. R. Oliveira, and S. C. Oliveira, Schistosoma antigens downregulate CXCL9 production by PBMC of HTLV-1-infected individuals, Acta Trop, vol.167, pp.157-162, 2017.

M. A. Sundberg, D. Costa, G. Orge, N. M. Castro, and A. Muniz, Helminthic infection and the risk of neurologic disease progression in HTLV-1, J Clin Virol, vol.53, pp.251-256, 2012.

N. A. Gillet, L. Cook, D. J. Laydon, C. Hlela, K. Verdonck et al., Strongyloidiasis and infective dermatitis alter human T lymphotropic virus-1 clonality in vivo, PLoS Pathog, vol.9, 2013.

L. J. Einsiedel and R. J. Woodman, Two nations: racial disparities in bloodstream infections recorded at Alice Springs Hospital, central Australia, Med J Aust, vol.192, pp.567-71, 2001.

L. Einsiedel, T. Spelman, E. Goeman, O. Cassar, M. Arundell et al., Clinical associations of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 infection in an indigenous Australian population, PLoS Negl Trop Dis, vol.8, p.2643, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-01370941

R. Moreno, H. Y. Nababan, E. Ota, W. M. Wariki, S. Ezoe et al., Structural and community-level interventions for increasing condom use to prevent the transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, vol.29, 2014.