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;. Pread-;-mack and . Hufbauer, invasions may be facilitated by the introduction of organisms to human-altered habitats (see also AIAI, 2003.

. Lombaert, BRIDG: Many invasions have stemmed not from the native range, but from a particularly successful invasive population, which serves as the source of colonists for remote new territories. This phenomenon was called the invasive bridgehead effect, 2010.

. Seebens, 2017) is strongly related to anthropochory through inter-and intra-continental exchanges, 2005.

. Blackburn, combines the number of propagules introduced and the number of introduction events. It is recognized as a major determinant of establishment and further colonization success of invasive species, Simberloff, 2009), also known as introduction effort, 2011.

, The same proportional rule prevails between introduced and naturalised species, 3TENS: The "3 tens rule": Williamson & Fitter (1996) showed that there were statistical regularities to invasions: the statistical rule holds that 1 in 10 imported plants and animals appear in the wild

. Williamson, , 1996.

, Species invasiveness" resides in the performance, the originality and the plasticity of functional traits, Bone & Holzapfel, 2000.

. Py?ek-&-richardson-;-van-kleunen, , 2007.

, Ecosystem invasibility": the successful integration of non-native organisms in the new area also depends on the characteristics of the recipient environment, Bone & Holzapfel, 2000.

&. Richardson and . Pysek, , 2006.

, ELTON: According to "Elton's resistance hypothesis, 1958.

&. Levine and . Antonio, , 1999.

. Lambertini, Their proliferation is almost exclusively or totally ensured by clonal multiplication, at least in the early stage of the invasion process. This apparent weakness of the lack of sexual reproduction may be converted into an advantage in the case where vegetative reproduction is more efficient to invade recipient ecosystems, CLON: Some exotic plants are unable to reproduce sexually in their invasion range, 2010.

. Van-kleunen, HTRAIT: Invasive plant species generally have higher values of performance-related traits characterizing physiology, leaf-area allocation, shoot allocation, growth rate, size, i.e. a better fitness than non-invasive plant species, 2010.

. Atallah, OTRAIT: Compared with their native congeners, the non-native species possess "original, speciesunique traits, 2014.

. Richards, it is thus supposed that invasive species may have a greater plasticity in ecologically important traits than non-invasive ones, and populations of invasive species are expected to evolve greater plasticity in their invasive range compared to populations within the native range, PLASTI: According to the "phenotypic plasticity hypothesis, 2006.

. Funk, Abrams, 1983) states that invasive species will be unlikely to establish in a community dominated by functionally similar species because of greater niche overlap, LIMSIM: The concept of "limiting similarity, 2008.

&. Macarthur and . Levins, , 1967.

. Colautti, Exotic preys have not experienced selection from these consumers and therefore lack effective defences, as formulated by the Increased Susceptibility Hypothesis, 2004.

, By experiencing a decrease in regulation by consumers or other natural enemies, exotic species may rapidly increase in abundance and distribution, 2002.

, BCH: The "Behavioural Constraint Hypothesis" establishes that potential consumers and competitors need behavioural adaptations before recognizing and readily consuming or outcompeting an introduced population, 2004.

, Invasive species may expand into new areas by filling an 'empty niche'; i.e. occupying previously unoccupied (or unsaturated) habitats or exploiting a resource unused by local species (Stachowicz & Tilman, 1996.

2. Hete and . Dist-;-melbourne, Spatio-temporal environmental heterogeneity and disturbances can promote invasions, 2007.

2. Rstr and . Kstr-;-facon, r-strategy" species (pioneers, opportunists, generalists) are favoured in early invasion stages and then competitively displaced by "K-strategists" in later stages, 2008.

. Duyck, , 2007.

, Latency period" typically preceding population bloom of invasive species, 1993.

. Didham, PASS: The correlation between dominance of invasive species and decline of native populations does not constitute evidence that ecological changes are driven by invasive species, 2005.

. Chabrerie, , 2008.

. Fargione, NEUTR: The "Neutral theory, 2001.

. Chabrerie, Non-interactive communities represent an opportunity (that may ease the integration of non-native species, 2008.

, Inbreeding may lead to both negative (inbreeding depression) and positive (purging) effects on the invasive success (see GPI and PURG), 2006.

. Estoup, Genetic Paradox of Invasions": how do invasive populations manage to adapt to the novel selective pressures encountered in the introduced area despite reduced genetic diversity (Sax & Brown, 2000.

, PURG: The mutation load is defined as the proportion by which the population fitness, or any other attribute of interest, is altered by recurrent mutation, 1963.

, Consanguineous mating can "purge a part of the mutation load" and lethal mutations can also be purged in small populations, 2003.

, Evolution of Increased Competition Ability" (Blossey & Nötzold, 1995): because they escape natural enemies in their invasive range, non-native populations can save the energy formerly used for defence and reinvest it in growth, biomass, reproduction and competitiveness

, SORT: Spatial sorting, selection of individuals with high dispersal ability at the leading edge of invasion, 2011.

. Petrovskii, occurring at the leading edge of invasion (Cappuccino, 2004.

. Chabrerie, and space more effectively than native ones (MacDougall & Turkington, 2005.

. White, , 2013.

, ENGE: Because of the great transformations imposed to invaded ecosystems, some non-native species have been termed "Invasive engineers" {Cuddington, p.511, 2004.

, Novel Weapon Hypothesis, 2000.

&. Callaway and . Ridenour, , 2004.

, Shifting Defense Hypothesis" {Müller-Schärer, 2004 #3552;Doorduin, 20113553.

, Enhanced Mutualism Hypothesis": in contrast to native populations, some introduced plants can benefit from improved mutualisms with soil microorganisms (especially symbiotic fungi), which will increase their performance, 1999.

&. Reinhart and . Callaway, , 2006.

. Callaway, MDH: The "Mutualism Disruption Hypothesis" predicts that invasive populations can also suppress soil mutualists in introduced ranges more aggressively than mutualists in their native ranges, 2008.

. Dasak, Non-native populations may carry their parasites, infecting local species, ('spillover'), and may also catch and amplify a part of local parasites, then constituting reservoirs for parasite transmission and acting as hosts to ultimately release them into ecosystem, Spillover -Spillback, 2000.

, CLIM: Climate changes facilitate the arrival of thermophilic non-native species and exacerbate their impacts

, This invasion debt is problematic because a low invasion level at a given time does not ensure the maintenance of ecosystem integrity in the future. This concept can help to quantify the future invasion risks, 2016.

. Keller, the result of interbreeding between two or more previously isolated populations within a species. It generates heterozygosity and heterosis increasing species fitness, 2011.

. Petit, HYBRID: Interspecific "hybridization" between native and invading species, 1992.

, Genomic rearrangements", like chromosomic inversions (Prevosti et al.,1988) and polyploidy (POLY) can contribute to invasive species evolution

. Ainouche, Polyploidization", i.e. genome duplication, in invasive species, 2009.

. Ainouche, Reticulate evolution", a complex evolution form involving two genomic shocks: hybridization between evolutionary close native and invasive species (merger of divergent genomes), and polyploidization (whole genome duplication), 2004.

, Adaptive radiation" in post-invasion events, 1996.

, SPECIA: Selection resulting in evolutionary adaptations and possibly "speciation, 2002.

, DEAD: In some cases, after a period of successful proliferation and expansion, the invasion is petering out and ends his race in "an ecological and/or evolutionary deadlock

, MELT: The establishment of newly introduced populations is facilitated by previously introduced species. This is the concept of "Invasional meltdown, 1999.

. Colautti, the relationships between non-native and native species can facilitate or impede the establishment of the non-native species and influence the invasion success, This includes new the "New Associations Hypothesis" NASS, 2004.

. Hobbs, NOVEL: A new ecosystem with emerging properties, 2006.

. Mascaro, 2013) applied to invasions (Richardson & Gaertner, 2013.