D. Eltigani and S. Masri, Challenges of integrating renewable energy sources to smart grids: a review, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, vol.52, pp.770-770, 2015.

A. Cifor, P. Denholm, and E. E. , The policy and institutional challenges of grid integration of renewable energy in the Western United States, Utilities Policy, vol.33, pp.34-41, 2015.

R. Hemmati and H. Saboori, Emergence of hybrid energy storage systems in renewable energy and transport applications: a review, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, vol.65, pp.11-23, 2016.

D. Parra, M. Gillott, and S. A. Norman, Optimum community energy storage system for PV energy time-shift, Appl Energy, vol.137, pp.576-587, 2015.

F. Friis and T. H. Christensen, The challenge of time shifting energy demand practices: insights from Denmark, Energy Res Soc Sci, vol.19, pp.124-133, 2016.

D. Parra, S. A. Norman, and G. S. Walker, Optimum community energy storage for renewable energy and demand load management, Appl Energy, vol.200, pp.358-369, 2017.

R. Hemmati and H. Saboori, Stochastic optimal battery storage sizing and scheduling in home energy management systems equipped with solar photovoltaic panels, Energy Build, vol.152, pp.290-300, 2017.

B. D. Olaszi and J. Ladanyi, Comparison of different discharge strategies of grid-connected residential PV systems with energy storage in perspective of optimal battery energy storage system sizing, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, vol.75, pp.710-718, 2017.

M. Schneider, K. Biel, and S. Pfaller, Optimal sizing of electrical energy storage systems using inventory models, Energy Procedia, vol.73, pp.48-58, 2015.

M. Schneider, K. Biel, and S. Pfaller, Using inventory models for sizing energy storage systems: an interdisciplinary approach, J Energy Storage, vol.8, pp.339-348, 2016.

R. Cardenas, R. Pena, and G. Asher, Control strategies for enhanced power smoothing in wind energy systems using a flywheel driven by a vector-controlled induction machine, IEEE Trans Ind Electron, vol.48, issue.3, pp.625-635, 2001.

T. Brekken, A. Yokochi, and A. V. Jouanne, Optimal energy storage sizing and control for wind power applications, IEEE Trans Sustain Energy, vol.2, issue.1, pp.69-77, 2011.

G. O. Cimuca, C. Saudemont, and B. Robyns, Control and performance evaluation of a flywheel energy-storage system associated to a variable-speed wind generator, IEEE Trans Ind Electron, vol.53, issue.4, pp.1074-1085, 2006.

J. Xiao, L. Bai, and F. Li, Sizing of energy storage and diesel generators in an isolated microgrid using discrete fourier transform (DFT), IEEE Trans Sustain Energy, vol.5, issue.3, pp.907-916, 2014.

Y. V. Makarov, P. Du, and M. Kintner-meyer, Sizing energy storage to accommodate high penetration of variable energy resources, IEEE Trans Sustain Energy, vol.3, issue.1, pp.34-40, 2012.

Y. Liu, W. Du, and X. L. , A method for sizing energy storage system to increase wind penetration as limited by grid frequency deviations, IEEE Trans Power Syst, vol.31, issue.1, pp.729-737, 2016.

A. Tani, M. B. Camara, and B. Dakyo, Energy management in the decentralized generation systems based on renewable energy, Proceedings of international conference on renewable energy research and applications, vol.6, p.pp, 2012.

M. Belouda, A. Jaafar, and B. Sareni, Design methodologies for sizing a battery bank devoted to a stand-alone and electronically passive wind turbine system, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, vol.60, pp.144-154, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01290385

R. Sarrias-mena, L. M. Fernndez-ramrez, and C. A. Garcavzquez, Improving grid integration of wind turbines by using secondary batteries, Renew Sustain Energy Rev, vol.34, pp.194-207, 2014.

L. Myers and A. Bahaj, Simulated electrical power potential harnessed by marine current turbine arrays in the alderney race, Renew Energy, vol.30, issue.11, pp.1713-1731, 2005.

S. Elghali, R. Balme, and K. L. Saux, A simulation model for the evaluation of the electrical power potential harnessed by a marine current turbine, IEEE J Ocean Eng, vol.32, issue.4, pp.786-797, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01205597

Z. Zhou, F. Scuiller, and J. F. Charpentier, Power smoothing control in a grid-connected marine current turbine system for compensating swell effect, IEEE Trans Sustain Energy, vol.4, issue.3, pp.816-826, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00874155

Z. Zhou, F. Scuiller, and J. F. Charpentier, Grid-connected marine current generation system power smoothing control using supercapacitors, Proceedings of 38th annual conference on IEEE industrial electronics society, vol.6, p.1500, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01073230

A. Jaafar, C. R. Akli, and B. Sareni, Sizing and energy management of a hybrid locomotive based on flywheel and accumulators, IEEE Trans Veh Technol, vol.58, issue.8, pp.3947-3958, 2009.

C. R. Akli, X. Roboam, and B. Sareni, Energy management and sizing of a hybrid locomotive, Proceedings of 2007 European conference on power electronics and applications, p.10, 2007.

T. Christen and M. W. Carlen, Theory of ragone plots, J Power Sources, vol.91, issue.2, pp.210-216, 2000.

C. R. Akli, Conception systémique d'une locomotive hybride autonome: application à la locomotive hybride de démonstration et d'investigations en énergétique LhyDIE développée par la SNCF, 2008.

X. Luo, J. Wang, and M. Dooner, Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation, Appl Energy, vol.137, pp.511-536, 2015.

S. Elghali, M. Benbouzid, and J. Charpentier, Modelling and control of a marine current turbine-driven doubly fed induction generator, IET Renew Power Gener, vol.4, pp.1-11, 2010.

K. Deb, A. Pratap, and S. Agarwal, A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: Nsga-ii, IEEE Trans Evol Comput, vol.6, issue.2, pp.182-197, 2002.

, Seifeddine BEN ELGHALI received the B.Sc. degree in Electrical Engineering in 2005 from ENIT, Tunis, Tunisia, the M.Sc. degree in Automatic Control in 2006 from the University of Poitiers, and the Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering in 2009 from the University of Brest. Since, 2010.

, He was Full Professor at the University of Technology at Belfort (France), from 2003 to 2006. Since 2007, he is Full Professor at the University of Aix-Marseille, Rachid OUTBIB received his Ph.D. degree in applied mathematics in 1994 and his Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches degree in automatics control in, 1998.

, His research interests include analysis, design, and control of electric machines, variable-speed drives for traction, propulsion, and renewable energy applications, and fault diagnosis of electric machines, 1990, the M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical and, 1991.

, He is also an Associate Editor of the IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, the IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, the IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, the IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology