D. Okai, G. Owen, H. Mcguire, S. Singh, R. Churchill et al., Mental capacity in psychiatric patients: systematic review, Br J Psychiatry, vol.191, pp.291-298, 2007.

, LOI n°2011-803 du 5 juillet 2011 relative aux droits et à la protection des personnes faisant l'objet de soins psychiatriques et aux modalités de leur prise en charge, 2011.

M. H. Hem, E. Gjerberg, T. L. Husum, and R. Pedersen, Ethical challenges when using coercion in mental healthcare: A systematic literature review, Nurs Ethics, vol.25, issue.1, pp.92-110, 2018.

C. A. Piltch, The role of self-determination in mental health recovery. Psychiatric rehabilitation journal, vol.39, pp.77-80, 2016.

R. E. Drake and R. Whitley, Recovery and severe mental illness: description and analysis, Can J Psychiatr, vol.59, issue.5, pp.236-278, 2014.

M. L. Ellison, L. K. Belanger, B. L. Niles, L. C. Evans, and M. S. Bauer, Explication and Definition of Mental Health Recovery: A Systematic Review, Admin Pol Ment Health, vol.45, issue.1, pp.91-102, 2018.

E. K. Taylor, L. Moxham, D. J. Perlman, C. F. Patterson, R. M. Brighton et al., Selfdetermination in the context of mental health recovery, Aust Nurs Midwifery J, vol.23, issue.10, p.41, 2016.

L. Davidson, M. Borg, I. Marin, A. Topor, R. Mezzina et al., Processes of Recovery in Serious Mental Illness: Findings from a Multinational Study, Am J Psychiatr Rehabil, vol.8, issue.3, pp.177-201, 2005.

U. Refugees and . For, Refworld | Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities : resolution / adopted by the General Assembly

B. C. Frueh, R. G. Knapp, K. J. Cusack, A. L. Grubaugh, J. A. Sauvageot et al., Patients' reports of traumatic or harmful experiences within the psychiatric setting, Psychiatr Serv, vol.56, issue.9, pp.1123-1156, 2005.

H. Meyer, T. Taiminen, T. Vuori, A. Aijälä, and H. Helenius, Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms related to psychosis and acute involuntary hospitalization in schizophrenic and delusional patients, J Nerv Ment Dis, vol.187, issue.6, pp.343-52, 1999.

K. M. Strack and S. E. Schulenberg, Understanding empowerment, meaning, and perceived coercion in individuals with serious mental illness, J Clin Psychol, vol.65, issue.10, pp.1137-1185, 2009.

L. Kjellin, K. Andersson, E. Bartholdson, I. Candefjord, H. Holmstrøm et al., Coercion in psychiatric care -patients' and relatives' experiences from four Swedish psychiatric services, Nord J Psychiatry, vol.58, issue.2, pp.153-162, 2004.

M. Luciano, G. Sampogna, V. D. Vecchio, L. Pingani, C. Palumbo et al., Use of coercive measures in mental health practice and its impact on outcome: a critical review, Expert Rev Neurother, vol.14, issue.2, pp.131-172, 2014.

K. Prebble, K. Thom, and E. Hudson, Service Users' Experiences of Voluntary Admission to Mental Hospital: A Review of Research Literature, Psychiatry Psychol Law, vol.22, issue.3, pp.327-363, 2015.

I. Sibitz, A. Scheutz, R. Lakeman, B. Schrank, M. Schaffer et al., « impact of coercive measures on life stories: qualitative study », Br J Psychiatry J Ment Sci, vol.3, pp.239-283, 2011.

J. W. Swanson, M. S. Swartz, E. B. Elbogen, H. R. Wagner, and B. J. Burns, Effects of involuntary outpatient commitment on subjective quality of life in persons with severe mental illness, Behav Sci Law, vol.21, issue.4, pp.473-91, 2003.

E. C. Fistein, I. Clare, M. Redley, and A. J. Holland, Tensions between policy and practice: a qualitative analysis of decisions regarding compulsory admission to psychiatric hospital, Int J Law Psychiatry, vol.46, pp.50-57, 2016.

D. R. Wynn, Coercion in psychiatric care: clinical, legal, and ethical controversies, Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract, vol.10, issue.4, pp.247-51, 2006.

S. Rains, L. Zenina, T. Dias, M. C. Jones, R. Jeffreys et al., Variations in patterns of involuntary hospitalisation and in legal frameworks: an international comparative study, Lancet Psychiatry, vol.6, issue.5, pp.403-420, 2019.

M. Coldefy and R. Fernandez, Les soins sans consentement en psychiatrie : bilan après quatre années de mise en oeuvre de la loi du 5 juillet 2011. Irdes, Questions d'économie de la santé, vol.22, 2017.

P. G. Szmukler and P. S. Appelbaum, Treatment pressures, leverage, coercion, and compulsion in mental health care, J Ment Health, vol.17, issue.3, pp.233-277, 2008.

M. H. De-jong, A. M. Kamperman, M. Oorschot, S. Priebe, W. Bramer et al., Interventions to Reduce Compulsory Psychiatric Admissions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, JAMA Psychiatry, vol.73, issue.7, pp.657-64, 2016.

H. Zelle, K. Kemp, and R. J. Bonnie, Advance directives in mental health care: evidence, challenges and promise, World Psychiatry, vol.14, issue.3, pp.278-80, 2015.

C. Henderson, C. Flood, M. Leese, G. Thornicroft, K. Sutherby et al., Views of service users and providers on joint crisis plans: single blind randomized controlled trial, Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, vol.44, issue.5, pp.369-76, 2009.

K. Sutherby, G. I. Szmukler, A. Halpern, M. Alexander, G. Thornicroft et al., A study of « crisis cards » in a community psychiatric service, Acta Psychiatr Scand, vol.100, issue.1, pp.56-61, 1999.

R. Cuca, Ulysses in Minnesota: First Steps Toward a Self-Binding Psychiatric Advance Directive Statute, Cornell Law Review, vol.78, issue.6, p.1152, 1993.

J. W. Swanson, M. S. Swartz, E. B. Elbogen, R. A. Van-dorn, J. Ferron et al., Facilitated psychiatric advance directives: a randomized trial of an intervention to foster advance treatment planning among persons with severe mental illness, Am J Psychiatry, vol.163, issue.11, pp.1943-51, 2006.

G. S. Owen, T. Gergel, L. A. Stephenson, O. Hussain, L. Rifkin et al., Advance decision-making in mental health -suggestions for legal reform in England and Wales, Int J Law Psychiatry, vol.64, pp.162-77, 2019.

A. Daverio, G. Piazzi, and A. Saya, Ulysses contract in psychiatry, Riv Psichiatr, vol.52, issue.6, pp.220-225, 2017.

M. Copeland and . Wellness, Recovery Action Plan, 1997.

. Mentalhealthrecovery, Available at: http:// mentalhealthrecovery.com/info-center/mental-illness-self-managementthrough-wellness-recovery-action-planning, 2015.

G. S. Gowda, E. O. Noorthoorn, P. Lepping, C. N. Kumar, R. B. Nanjegowda et al., Factors influencing advance directives among psychiatric inpatients in India, Int J Law Psychiatry, vol.56, pp.17-26, 2018.

E. Molyneaux, A. Turner, B. Candy, S. Landau, S. Johnson et al., Crisisplanning interventions for people with psychotic illness or bipolar disorder: systematic review and meta-analyses, J Psych Open, vol.5, issue.4, 2019.

D. Srebnik and L. Brodoff, Implementing psychiatric advance directives: service provider issues and answers, J Behav Health Serv Res, vol.30, issue.3, pp.253-68, 2003.

D. S. Srebnik, L. T. Rutherford, T. Peto, J. Russo, E. Zick et al., The content and clinical utility of psychiatric advance directives, Psychiatr Serv, vol.56, issue.5, pp.592-600, 2005.

E. Maître, C. Debien, P. Nicaise, F. Wyngaerden, L. Galudec et al., Advanced directives in psychiatry: a review of the qualitative literature, a state-of-the-art and viewpoints, Encephale, vol.39, issue.4, pp.244-51, 2013.

P. Nicaise, V. Lorant, and V. Dubois, Psychiatric advance directives as a complex and multistage intervention: a realist systematic review, Health Soc Care Community, vol.21, issue.1, pp.1-14, 2013.

A. Ruchlewska, C. L. Mulder, R. Van-der-waal, A. Kamperman, and M. Van-der-gaag, Crisis plans facilitated by patient advocates are better than those drawn up by clinicians: results from an RCT, Admin Pol Ment Health, vol.41, issue.2, pp.220-227, 2014.

C. Henderson, C. Flood, M. Leese, G. Thornicroft, K. Sutherby et al., Effect of joint crisis plans on use of compulsory treatment in psychiatry: single blind randomised controlled trial, BMJ, vol.329, issue.7458, p.136, 2004.

B. Lay, W. Kawohl, and W. Rössler, Outcomes of a psycho-education and monitoring programme to prevent compulsory admission to psychiatric inpatient care: a randomised controlled trial, Psychol Med, vol.48, issue.5, pp.849-60, 2018.

A. Papageorgiou, M. King, A. Janmohamed, O. Davidson, and J. Dawson, Advance directives for patients compulsorily admitted to hospital with serious mental illness. Randomised controlled trial, Br J Psychiatry, vol.181, pp.513-522, 2002.

G. Thornicroft, S. Farrelly, G. Szmukler, M. Birchwood, W. Waheed et al., Randomised controlled trial of joint crisis plans to reduce compulsory treatment for people with psychosis: clinical outcomes, Lancet, vol.381, pp.1634-1675, 2013.

G. Widdershoven and R. Berghmans, Advance directives in psychiatric care: a narrative approach, J Med Ethics, vol.27, issue.2, pp.92-99, 2001.

R. A. Van-dorn, M. S. Swartz, E. B. Elbogen, J. W. Swanson, M. Kim et al., Clinicians' attitudes regarding barriers to the implementation of psychiatric advance directives. Admin Pol Ment Health, vol.33, pp.449-60, 2006.

A. M. Scheyett, M. M. Kim, J. W. Swanson, and M. S. Swartz, Psychiatric advance directives: a tool for consumer empowerment and recovery, Psychiatr Rehabil J, vol.31, issue.1, pp.70-75, 2007.

P. Backlar, B. H. Mcfarland, J. W. Swanson, and J. Mahler, Consumer, provider, and informal caregiver opinions on psychiatric advance directives, Admin Pol Ment Health, vol.28, issue.6, pp.427-468, 2001.

E. B. Elbogen, R. Van-dorn, J. W. Swanson, M. S. Swartz, J. Ferron et al., Effectively implementing psychiatric advance directives to promote self-determination of treatment among people with mental illness. Psychol Public Policy Law, vol.13, 2007.

J. M. Atkinson, H. C. Garner, and W. H. Gilmour, Models of advance directives in mental health care: stakeholder views, Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, vol.39, issue.8, pp.673-80, 2004.

, LOI n°2005-370 du 22 avril 2005 relative aux droits des malades et à la fin de vie, 2005.

L. Davidson, C. Bellamy, K. Guy, and R. Miller, Peer support among persons with severe mental illnesses: a review of evidence and experience, World Psychiatry, vol.11, issue.2, pp.123-131, 2012.

J. Repper and T. Carter, A review of the literature on peer support in mental health services, J Ment Health, vol.20, issue.4, pp.392-411, 2011.

P. S. Appelbaum and T. Grisso, , 2019.

, MacArthur Treatment Competence Study. I: mental illness and competence to consent to treatment, Law Hum Behav, vol.19, issue.2, pp.105-131, 1995.

D. Misdrahi, H. Verdoux, C. Lançon, and F. Bayle, The 4-point ordinal Alliance selfreport: a self-report questionnaire for assessing therapeutic relationships in routine mental health, Compr Psychiatry, vol.50, issue.2, pp.181-186, 2009.

P. Auquier, M. C. Simeoni, C. Sapin, R. G. Aghababian, V. Cramer et al., Development and validation of a patient-based health-related quality of life questionnaire in schizophrenia: the S-QoL, Schizophr Res, vol.63, issue.1-2, pp.137-186, 2003.

V. Girard, A. Tinland, M. Boucekine, S. Loubière, C. Lancon et al., Validity of a common quality of life measurement in homeless individuals with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, J Affect Disord, vol.204, pp.131-138, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01482391

C. C. Attkisson and R. Zwick, The client satisfaction questionnaire. Psychometric properties and correlations with service utilization and psychotherapy outcome, Eval Program Plann, vol.5, issue.3, pp.233-240, 1982.

P. W. Corrigan and S. M. Phelan, Social support and recovery in people with serious mental illnesses, Community Ment Health J, vol.40, issue.6, pp.513-536, 2004.

P. W. Corrigan, D. Giffort, F. Rashid, M. Leary, and I. Okeke, Recovery as a psychological construct, Community Ment Health J, vol.35, issue.3, pp.231-240, 1999.

K. J. Conrad, J. R. Yagelka, M. D. Matters, A. R. Rich, V. Williams et al., Reliability and validity of a modified Colorado symptom index in a national homeless sample, Ment Health Serv Res, vol.3, issue.3, pp.141-53, 2001.

E. S. Rogers, J. Chamberlin, M. L. Ellison, and T. Crean, A consumer-constructed scale to measure empowerment among users of mental health services, Psychiatr Serv, vol.48, issue.8, pp.1042-1049, 1997.

X. F. Amador, M. Flaum, N. C. Andreasen, D. H. Strauss, S. A. Yale et al., Awareness of illness in schizophrenia and schizoaffective and mood disorders, Arch Gen Psychiatry, vol.51, issue.10, pp.826-862, 1994.

C. Paillot, P. Ingrand, B. Millet, X. Amador, J. Senon et al., French translation and validation of the scale to assess unawareness of mental disorder (SUMD) in patients with schizophrenics, Encephale, vol.36, issue.6, pp.472-479, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01133902

W. Guy, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute of Mental Health, Psychopharmacology Research Branch, 1976.

E. Labbe, M. Blanquet, L. Gerbaud, G. Poirier, C. Sass et al., A new reliable index to measure individual deprivation: the EPICES score, Eur J Pub Health, vol.25, issue.4, pp.604-613, 2015.

C. Sass, J. Moulin, R. Guéguen, L. Abric, V. Dauphinot et al., Le score Epices : un score individuel de précarité. Construction du score et mesure des relations avec des données de santé, dans une population de 197 389 personnes, BEH, vol.14, 2006.

L. Van-roijen, M. L. Essink-bot, M. A. Koopmanschap, G. Bonsel, and F. F. Rutten, Labor and health status in economic evaluation of health care. The health and labor questionnaire, Int J Technol Assess Health Care, vol.12, issue.3, pp.405-420, 1996.

E. Group, EuroQol--a new facility for the measurement of healthrelated quality of life. Health Policy, vol.16, pp.199-208, 1990.

L. Plancke, A. Amariei, C. Flament, and C. Dumesnil, La réhospitalisation en psychiatrie. Facteurs individuels, facteurs organisationnels, Sante Publique, vol.29, issue.6, pp.829-836, 2017.

D. Husereau, M. Drummond, S. Petrou, C. Carswell, D. Moher et al., Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, BMJ, vol.346, p.1049, 2013.

R. Brooks, EuroQol: the current state of play. Health Policy, vol.37, pp.53-72, 1996.

, Choices in Methods for Economic Evaluation

H. Autorité-de-santé,

A. H. Briggs, Statistical approaches to handling uncertainty in health economic evaluation, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, vol.16, issue.6, pp.551-61, 2004.

E. Fenwick, K. Claxton, M. Sculpher, B. G. Glaser, A. L. Strauss et al., Representing uncertainty: the role of cost-effectiveness acceptability curves. Health Econ, vol.10, pp.779-87, 2001.

J. Swanson, M. Swartz, J. Ferron, E. Elbogen, and R. Van-dorn, Psychiatric advance directives among public mental health consumers in five US cities: prevalence, demand, and correlates, J Am Acad Psychiatry Law, vol.34, pp.43-57, 2006.

, Article 12 -Equal recognition before the law | United Nations Enable

G. Szmukler, Compulsion and "coercion" in mental health care, World Psychiatry, vol.14, issue.3, pp.259-61, 2015.

B. A. Pescosolido, C. B. Gardner, and K. M. Lubell, How people get into mental health services: stories of choice, coercion and « muddling through » from « firsttimers », Soc Sci Med, vol.46, issue.2, pp.275-86, 1998.

G. Newton-howes and R. Mullen, Coercion in psychiatric care: systematic review of correlates and themes, Psychiatr Serv, vol.62, issue.5, pp.465-70, 2011.

C. West, Powerful choices: peer support and individualized medication selfdetermination, Schizophr Bull mai, vol.37, issue.3, pp.445-50, 2011.

G. Davidson, B. Kelly, G. Macdonald, M. Rizzo, L. Lombard et al., Supported decision making: A review of the international literature, Int J Law Psychiatry, vol.38, pp.61-68, 2015.

R. Juliá-sanchis, S. García-sanjuan, M. F. Zaragoza-martí, and C. Mj, Advance healthcare directives in mental health: A qualitative analysis from a Spanish healthcare professional's viewpoint. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs

S. Farrelly, G. Brown, D. Rose, E. Doherty, R. C. Henderson et al., What service users with psychotic disorders want in a mental health crisis or relapse: thematic analysis of joint crisis plans, Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, vol.49, issue.10, pp.1609-1626, 2014.

D. S. Srebnik, L. Fond, and J. Q. , Advance directives for mental health treatment, Psychiatr Serv, vol.50, issue.7, pp.919-944, 1999.

R. A. Van-dorn, J. W. Swanson, M. S. Swartz, E. Elbogen, and J. Ferron, Reducing barriers to completing psychiatric advance directives, Admin Pol Ment Health, vol.35, issue.6, pp.440-448, 2008.

E. D. Sturman, The capacity to consent to treatment and research: a review of standardized assessment tools, Clin Psychol Rev, vol.25, issue.7, pp.954-74, 2005.

, Three Jurisdictions Report: Towards Compliance with CRPD Art. 12 in Capacity/Incapacity Legislation across the UK, Essex Autonomy Project. Available, 2019.

P. Hawe, A. Shiell, and T. Riley, Complex interventions: how "out of control" can a randomised controlled trial be?, BMJ, vol.328, issue.7455, pp.1561-1564, 2004.

N. Foster and P. Little, Methodological issues in pragmatic trials of complex interventions in primary care, Br J Gen Pract, vol.62, issue.594, pp.10-11, 2012.