A Two‐Week Treatment with Plant Extracts Changes Gut Microbiota, Caecum Metabolome, and Markers of Lipid Metabolism in ob/ob Mice

Amandine Brochot (1) , Vincent Azalbert (2) , Jean-Francois Landrier (3) , Franck Tourniaire (3) , Matteo Serino (4)

1 Groupe PiLeJe
2 I2MC - Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires
3 C2VN - Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research
4 IRSD - Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive

SCOPE: Targeting gut microbiota dysbiosis by prebiotics is effective, though side-effects such as abdominal bloating and flatulence may arise following high prebiotic consumption over weeks. Our aim was therefore to optimize the current protocol for prebiotic use. METHODS AND RESULTS: To examine the prebiotic properties of plant extracts, we conducted two independent studies in ob/ob mice, over two weeks. In the first study, we evaluated Porphyra umbilicalis and Melissa officinalis L. extracts; in the second study, we assessed a high- vs. low-dose of an Emblica officinalis Gaertn extract. These plant extracts affected gut microbiota, caecum metabolome and induced a significant lower plasma triacylglycerols (TG) following the treatment with P. umbilicalis and significant higher plasma free fatty acids (FFA) following treatment with the low-dose of E. officinalis Gaertn. Glucose- and insulin-tolerance were not affected but white adipose tissue and liver gene expression were modified. In the first study, IL-6 hepatic gene expression was significantly (adjusted P = 0.0015) and positively (r = 0.80) correlated with the bacterial order Clostridiales in all mice. CONCLUSION: Our data show that a 2-week treatment with plant extracts affects the dysbiotic gut microbiota and changes both caecum metabolome and markers of lipid metabolism in ob/ob mice.

Mots clés: prebiotics; metabolic diseases

Mots clés: plant extracts; metabolomics; gut microbiota dysbiosis

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]; Alimentation et Nutrition

Amandine Brochot, Vincent Azalbert, Jean-Francois Landrier, Franck Tourniaire, Matteo Serino. A Two‐Week Treatment with Plant Extracts Changes Gut Microbiota, Caecum Metabolome, and Markers of Lipid Metabolism in ob/ob Mice. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research, 2019, 63 (17), pp.1900403. ⟨10.1002/mnfr.201900403⟩. ⟨hal-02487561⟩