Rapid diagnosis of periodontitis, a feasibility study using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

Angéline Antezack (1) , Hervé Chaudet (2) , Hervé Tissot-Dupont (3) , Philippe Brouqui (3) , Virginie Monnet-Corti (3)

1 AMU ODONTO - Aix-Marseille Université - Faculté d'odontologie
2 VITROME - Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes
3 MEPHI - Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections

Aim The aim of the present study was to assess the feasibility and diagnostic contribution of protein profiling using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry applied to saliva, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and dental plaque from periodontitis and healthy subjects. We hypothesized that rapid routine and blinded MALDI-TOF analysis could accurately classify these three types of samples according to periodontal state. Materials and methods Unstimulated saliva, GCF and dental plaque, collected from periodontitis subjects and healthy controls, were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. Based on the differentially expressed peaks between the two groups, diagnostic decision trees were built for each sample. Results Among 141 patients (67 periodontitis and 74 healthy controls), the decision trees diagnosed periodontitis with a sensitivity = 70.3% (± 0.211) and a specificity = 77.8% (± 0.165) for saliva, a sensitivity = 79.6% (± 0.188) and a specificity = 75.7% (± 0.195) for GCF, and a sensitivity = 72.1% (± 0.202) and a specificity = 72.2% (± 0.195) for dental plaque. The sensitivity and specificity of the tests were improved to 100% (CI 95% = [0.91;1]) and 100% (CI 95% = [0.92;1]), respectively, when two samples were tested.

Keywords: Periodontitis; Saliva; Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry; Decision trees; Diagnostic medicine; Periodontal diseases; Epidemiology; Teeth

Domains: Life Sciences [q-bio]; Microbiology and Parasitology; Bacteriology; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Microbiology and Parasitology; Virology; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Microbiology and Parasitology; Parasitology; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Human health and pathology; Cardiology and cardiovascular system; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Human health and pathology; Emerging diseases; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Human health and pathology; Infectious diseases

Angéline Antezack, Hervé Chaudet, Hervé Tissot-Dupont, Philippe Brouqui, Virginie Monnet-Corti. Rapid diagnosis of periodontitis, a feasibility study using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. PLoS ONE, 2020, 15 (3), pp.e0230334. ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0230334⟩. ⟨hal-02509355⟩