G. W. Hegel, The Philosophy of History, translated by J. Sibree with an Introduction by, pp.47-53, 1956.

I. Kant, Idea for a Universal History from a Cosmopolitan Point of View' in On History, pp.11-26, 1963.

. Hegel, The Philosophy of History, p.18

. Ibid, , pp.103-113

. G. See, . Hegel, T. A. Phenomenology-of-spirit, and . Miller, , p.49, 1977.

. Hegel, The Philosophy of History, p.321

P. Hegel and . Spirit, , p.49

, Hegel explains this process with his usual clarity in the Introduction of his Phenomenology of Spirit, pp.46-57

R. G. Collingwood-;-r and . Collingwood, The Nature and Aims of a Philosophy of History, Essays in the Philosophy of History, p.36, 1966.

. Ibid, , p.37

R. G. Collingwood, For a discussion of this notion in relation to Collingwood's historical methodology, see: William H. Dray, History as Re-enactment. R.G. Collingwood's Idea of History, The Idea of History, pp.184-90, 1993.