Leishmaniavirus genetic diversity is not related to leishmaniasis treatment failure

Marine Ginouvès (1, 2) , Pierre Couppié (3, 1) , Stéphane Simon (1, 2) , Eliane Bourreau (4) , Stéphanie Rogier (5) , Paul Brousse (6) , Philippe Travers (7) , Vincent Pommier de Santi (8) , Magalie Pierre Demar (9, 1, 2) , Sebastien Briolant (8) , Ghislaine Prévôt (1)

1 EPat - Ecosystemes Amazoniens et Pathologie Tropicale
2 Laboratoire Associé - Centre National de Référence Leishmania [Cayenne, Guyanne Française]
3 Service de Dermatologie et Vénérologie [CH de Cayenne, France]
4 Institut Pasteur de la Guyane
5 CIC - Antilles Guyane - Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane
6 Département des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins [Cayenne, Guyane Française]
7 Pôle des Centres Délocalisés de Prévention et de Soins [CH Andrée Rosemon, Guyane Française]
8 VITROME - Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes
9 Laboratoire Hospitalo-Universitaire de Parasitologie-Mycologie

OBJECTIVES:The outcome of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) may depend on the presence of the Leishmania RNA virus (LRV). This virus may be involved in treatment failure. We aimed to determine whether genetic clusters of LRV1 are involved in this therapeutic outcome.METHODS:The presence of LRV1 was assessed in 129 L. guyanensis isolates from patients treated with pentamidine in French Guiana. Among the 115 (89%) isolates found to carry LRV1, 96 were successfully genotyped. Patient clinical data were linked to the LRV data.RESULTS:The rate of treatment failure for LRV1-positive isolates was 37% (15/41) versus 40% (2/5) among LRV1-negative isolates (p = 0.88). Concerning LRV1 genotypes, two predominant LRV1 groups emerged, groups A (23% (22/96)) and B (70% (67/96)). The treatment failure rate was 37% (3/8) for group A and 45% (9/20) for group B (p = 0.31).CONCLUSION:Neither the presence or genotype of LRV1 in patients with L. guyanensis seemed to correlate with pentamidine treatment failure.

Mots clés: LRV1; Leishmania guyanensis; genotype; pentamidine; treatment failure

Domaines: Bactériologie; Virologie; Parasitologie; Cardiologie et système cardiovasculaire; Maladies émergentes; Maladies infectieuses

Marine Ginouvès, Pierre Couppié, Stéphane Simon, Eliane Bourreau, Stéphanie Rogier, et al.. Leishmaniavirus genetic diversity is not related to leishmaniasis treatment failure. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2020, pp.S1198-743X(20)30265-2. ⟨10.1016/j.cmi.2020.04.037⟩. ⟨hal-02569704⟩