Treatment with the essential amino acid L-tryptophan reduces masticatory impairments in experimental cerebral palsy

Diego Cabral Lacerda (1) , Raul Manhães-De-Castro (1) , Henrique José Cavalcanti Bezerra Gouveia (1) , Yves Tourneur (2) , Barbara Juacy Costa de Santana (1) , Renata Emmanuele Assunção Santos (1) , Jacques-Olivier Coq (3) , Kelli Nogueira Ferraz-Pereira (1) , Ana Elisa Toscano (1)

1 Federal University of Pernambuco [Recife]
2 CarMeN - Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition
3 INT - Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone

Purpose Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often exhibit difficulties in feeding resulting from deficits in chewing. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of L-tryptophan (TRI) to reduce deficits in chewing in rats subjected to an experimental model of CP. Methods A total of 80 Wistar albino rats were used. Pups were randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups: Control Saline, Control TRI, CP Saline, and CP TRI groups. The experimental model of CP was based on the combination of perinatal anoxia associated with postnatal sensorimotor restriction of the hind limbs. TRI was administered subcutaneously during the lactation period. Anatomical and behavioral parameters were evaluated during maturation, including body weight gain, food intake, chewing movements, relative weight and the distribution of the types of masseter muscle fibers. Results The induction of CP limited body weight gain, decreased food intake and led to impairment in the morphological and functional parameters of chewing. Moreover, for a comparable amount of food ingested, CP TRI animals grew the most. In addition, supplementation with TRI improved the number of chewing movements, and increased the weight and proportion of type IIB fibers of the masseter in rats subjected to CP. Conclusion These results demonstrate that experimental CP impaired the development of mastication and that TRI supplementation increased masticatory maturation in animals subjected to CP.

Mots clés: Cerebral Palsy; Tryptophan; feeding and Eating disorders; chewing; masseter muscle; Nutritional Sciences; serotonin; rats

Domaines: Neurobiologie; Alimentation et Nutrition

Diego Cabral Lacerda, Raul Manhães-De-Castro, Henrique José Cavalcanti Bezerra Gouveia, Yves Tourneur, Barbara Juacy Costa de Santana, et al.. Treatment with the essential amino acid L-tryptophan reduces masticatory impairments in experimental cerebral palsy. Nutritional Neuroscience, In press, ⟨10.1080/1028415X.2019.1695360⟩. ⟨hal-02946534⟩