Phthalates and organophosphate esters in surface water, sediments and zooplankton of the NW Mediterranean Sea: Exploring links with microplastic abundance and accumulation in the marine food web
Résumé
Phthalates (PAEs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) are common organic plastic additives and flame retardants, frequently detected in the environment due to their increasing use and their deleterious effects on living organisms. In this study, surface seawater, sediment and zooplankton samples were collected from three different sampling stations in Marseille Bay (NW Mediterranean Sea) and were analyzed for both microplastics and organic plastic additives including seven PAEs and nine OPEs. We found that PAE concentrations ranged from 100 to 527 ng L-1 (mean 191±123 ng L-1) in seawater, 12 to 610 ng g-1 dw (mean 194±193 ng g-1 dw) in sediment and 0.9 to 47 µg g-1 dw (mean 7.2±10 µg g-1 dw) in zooplankton samples, whereas OPE concentrations varied between 8.9-1013 ng L-1 (mean 243±327 ng L-1) in seawater, 13-49 ng g-1 dw (mean 25±11 ng g-1 dw) in sediment and 0.4-4.6 µg g-1 dw (mean 1.6±1.0 µg g-1 dw) in zooplankton samples. Microplastic counts in seawater ranged from 0 to 0.3 items m-3 (mean 0.05±0.05 items m-3). We observed high fluctuations in contaminant concentrations in zooplankton between different sampling events. Field-derived bioconcentration factors (BCFs) showed that some compounds are prone to bioaccumulate, but with different intensity depending on the zooplankton size-class. The concentration of plastic additives in surface waters and the abundance of microplastic particles were not correlated, implying that they are not necessarily good indicators for each other.
Domaines
Océan, Atmosphère
Origine : Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s)
