An African Canine Trypanosomosis Case Import: Is There a Possibility of Creating a Secondary Focus of Trypanosoma congolense Infection in France?

Florence Calvet (1) , Hacene Medkour (2, 3) , Oleg Mediannikov (2, 3) , Caroline Girardet (1) , Antoine Jacob (1) , Mickael Boni (4) , Bernard Davoust (2, 5, 3)

1 Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armées
2 MEPHI - Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections
3 IHU Marseille - Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection
4 French Military Health Service Academy
5 Direction Régionale du Service de Santé des Armées (DRSSA - Toulon)

African animal trypanosomosis are parasitic diseases caused by several protozoa of the genus Trypanosoma, transmitted by hematophagous insects, essentially tsetse flies, but also, less frequently by Tabanidae and Stomoxidae. They are geolocated in a part of the continent and affect livestock animals and carnivores; dogs are especially sensitive to them. They do not seem to present a zoonotic risk. Despite the chemical prevention with trypanocides for French military working dogs on mission in Cote d'Ivoire, a fatal case induced by Trypanosoma congolense in France after returning from Abidjan raises the question of an imported secondary focus. The clinical case was developed and the causative agent was confirmed by microscopy and PCR methods. The three necessary pillars to create a secondary potential focus are present: the parasite introduction in a new territory, the presence and the propagation vectors, and their proximity with sensitive species.

Mots clés: canine African trypanosomosis; military working dog; transboundary animal diseases; Trypanosoma congolense (forest type)

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Florence Calvet, Hacene Medkour, Oleg Mediannikov, Caroline Girardet, Antoine Jacob, et al.. An African Canine Trypanosomosis Case Import: Is There a Possibility of Creating a Secondary Focus of Trypanosoma congolense Infection in France?. Pathogens, 2020, 9 (9), ⟨10.3390/pathogens9090709⟩. ⟨hal-03149714⟩