The clinical relevance of oliguria in the critically ill patient: analysis of a large observational database

Jean-Louis Vincent (1) , Andrew Ferguson (2) , Peter Pickkers (3) , Stephan Jakob (4) , Ulrich Jaschinski (5) , Ghaleb Almekhlafi (6) , Marc Leone (7, 8, 9) , Majid Mokhtari , Luis Fontes , Philippe Bauer (10) , Yasser Sakr (11)

1 ULB - Université libre de Bruxelles
2 Belfast City Hospital
3 Department Intensive Care Medicine, Center of Infectious Diseases, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
4 UNIBE - Universität Bern / University of Bern
5 Universität Augsburg [Augsburg]
6 Prince Sultan university (saudi Arabia), Riyadh
7 MEPHI - Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections
8 IHU Marseille - Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection
9 APHM - Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille
10 Mayo Clinic
11 Jena University Hospital [Jena]

Background Urine output is widely used as one of the criteria for the diagnosis and staging of acute renal failure, but few studies have specifically assessed the role of oliguria as a marker of acute renal failure or outcomes in general intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Using a large multinational database, we therefore evaluated the occurrence of oliguria (defined as a urine output < 0.5 ml/kg/h) in acutely ill patients and its association with the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and outcome. Methods International observational study. All adult (> 16 years) patients in the ICON audit who had a urine output measurement on the day of admission were included. To investigate the association between oliguria and mortality, we used a multilevel analysis. Results Of the 8292 patients included, 2050 (24.7%) were oliguric during the first 24 h of admission. Patients with oliguria on admission who had at least one additional 24-h urine output recorded during their ICU stay (n = 1349) were divided into three groups: transient—oliguria resolved within 48 h after the admission day (n = 390 [28.9%]), prolonged—oliguria resolved > 48 h after the admission day (n = 141 [10.5%]), and permanent—oliguria persisting for the whole ICU stay or again present at the end of the ICU stay (n = 818 [60.6%]). ICU and hospital mortality rates were higher in patients with oliguria than in those without, except for patients with transient oliguria who had significantly lower mortality rates than non-oliguric patients. In multilevel analysis, the need for RRT was associated with a significantly higher risk of death (OR = 1.51 [95% CI 1.19–1.91], p = 0.001), but the presence of oliguria on admission was not (OR = 1.14 [95% CI 0.97–1.34], p = 0.103). Conclusions Oliguria is common in ICU patients and may have a relatively benign nature if only transient. The duration of oliguria and need for RRT are associated with worse outcome.

Mots clés: Urine output; Renal replacement therapy; Mortality

Domaines: Bactériologie; Cardiologie et système cardiovasculaire; Maladies émergentes; Maladies infectieuses; Parasitologie; Virologie

Jean-Louis Vincent, Andrew Ferguson, Peter Pickkers, Stephan Jakob, Ulrich Jaschinski, et al.. The clinical relevance of oliguria in the critically ill patient: analysis of a large observational database. Critical Care, 2020, 24 (1), ⟨10.1186/s13054-020-02858-x⟩. ⟨hal-03159792⟩