Combination of Hydroxychloroquine Plus Azithromycin As Potential Treatment for COVID-19 Patients: Safety Profile, Drug Interactions, and Management of Toxicity

Guillaume Hache (1, 2) , Jean Marc Rolain (3, 4) , Philippe Gautret (4, 5) , Jean-Claude Deharo (2) , Philippe Brouqui (3, 4) , Didier Raoult (3, 4) , Stéphane Honoré (6, 7, 8)

1 TIMONE - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM]
2 C2VN - Centre recherche en CardioVasculaire et Nutrition = Center for CardioVascular and Nutrition research
3 MEPHI - Microbes évolution phylogénie et infections
4 IHU Marseille - Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection
5 VITROME - Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes
6 Service de Pharmacologie Clinique [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM]
7 INP - Institut de neurophysiopathologie
8 AMU - Aix Marseille Université

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, has recently emerged worldwide. In this context, there is an urgent need to identify safe and effective therapeutic strategies for treatment of such highly contagious disease. We recently reported promising results of combining hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as an early treatment option. Although ongoing clinical trials are challenging the efficacy of this combination, many clinicians claim the authorization to or have already begun to use it to treat COVID-19 patients worldwide. The aim of this article is to share pharmacology considerations contributing to the rationale of this combination, and to provide safety information to prevent toxicity and drug–drug interactions, based on available evidence.

Keywords: hydroxychloroquine; azithromycin; COVID-19

Domains: Life Sciences [q-bio]; Microbiology and Parasitology; Bacteriology; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Microbiology and Parasitology; Virology; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Microbiology and Parasitology; Parasitology; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Human health and pathology; Cardiology and cardiovascular system; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Human health and pathology; Emerging diseases; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Human health and pathology; Infectious diseases

Guillaume Hache, Jean Marc Rolain, Philippe Gautret, Jean-Claude Deharo, Philippe Brouqui, et al.. Combination of Hydroxychloroquine Plus Azithromycin As Potential Treatment for COVID-19 Patients: Safety Profile, Drug Interactions, and Management of Toxicity. Microbial Drug Resistance, 2021, 27 (3), pp.281-290. ⟨10.1089/mdr.2020.0232⟩. ⟨hal-03243144⟩