Mitochondria as a Cellular Hub in Infection and Inflammation

Pauline Andrieux (1) , Christophe Chevillard (1) , Edecio Cunha-Neto (2) , João Paulo Silva Nunes (1)

1 TAGC - Theories and Approaches of Genomic Complexity
2 USP - Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo

Mitochondria are the energy center of the cell. They are found in the cell cytoplasm as dynamic networks where they adapt energy production based on the cell’s needs. They are also at the center of the proinflammatory response and have essential roles in the response against pathogenic infections. Mitochondria are a major site for production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS; or free radicals), which are essential to fight infection. However, excessive and uncontrolled production can become deleterious to the cell, leading to mitochondrial and tissue damage. Pathogens exploit the role of mitochondria during infection by affecting the oxidative phosphorylation mechanism (OXPHOS), mitochondrial network and disrupting the communication between the nucleus and the mitochondria. The role of mitochondria in these biological processes makes these organelle good targets for the development of therapeutic strategies. In this review, we presented a summary of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and their involvement in the pathogen response, as well as the potential promising mitochondrial targets for the fight against infectious diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases.

Mots clés: mitochondria; inflammation; infection; mitochondria dysfunction; mitochondrial bioenergetics; infection disease; inflammatory disease

Domaines: Biologie cellulaire; Maladies infectieuses

Pauline Andrieux, Christophe Chevillard, Edecio Cunha-Neto, João Paulo Silva Nunes. Mitochondria as a Cellular Hub in Infection and Inflammation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021, 22 (21), pp.11338. ⟨10.3390/ijms222111338⟩. ⟨hal-03406073⟩