Hepatitis B in Senegal: A Successful Infant Vaccination Program but Urgent Need to Scale Up Screening and Treatment (ANRS 12356 AmBASS survey)

Lauren Périères (1, 2) , Aldiouma Diallo (1, 2) , Fabienne Marcellin (3, 4) , Marie Libérée Nishimwe (3, 4) , El Hadji Ba (1, 2) , Marion Coste (5, 3, 4) , Gora Lo (6) , Philippe Halfon (7, 8) , Coumba Touré Kane (6) , Gwenaëlle Maradan (3, 9, 4) , Patrizia M. Carrieri (3, 4) , Assane Diouf (1, 2) , Yusuke Shimakawa (10) , Cheikh Sokhna (1) , Sylvie Boyer (3, 4)

1 VITROME - Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes
2 UCAD - Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar [Sénégal]
3 SESSTIM - U1252 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - UMR 259 IRD - Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale
4 ISSPAM - Institut des sciences de la santé publique [Marseille]
5 AMSE - Aix-Marseille Sciences Economiques
6 IRESSEF - Institut de Recherche en Santé, de Surveillance Épidémiologique et de Formation [Dakar, Sénégal]
7 ALPHABIO - Laboratoire de biologie médicale
8 Hôpital Européen [Fondation Ambroise Paré - Marseille]
9 ORS PACA - Observatoire régional de la santé Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur [Marseille]
10 Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology

Senegal introduced the infant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in 2004 and recently committed to eliminating hepatitis B by 2030. Updated epidemiological data are needed to provide information on the progress being made and to develop new interventions. We estimated the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in children and adults living in rural Senegal and assessed hepatitis B treatment eligibility. A cross-sectional population-based serosurvey of HBsAg was conducted in 2018-2019 in a large sample (n = 3,118) of residents living in the Niakhar area (Fatick region, Senegal). Individuals positive for HBsAg subsequently underwent clinical and biological assessments. Data were weighted for age and sex and calibrated to be representative of the area's population. Among the 3,118 participants, 206 were HBsAg positive (prevalence, 6.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.6-8.1). Prevalence varied markedly according to age group in individuals aged 0-4, 5-14, 15-34, and >= 35 years as follows: 0.0% (95% CI, 0.00-0.01); 1.5% (95% CI, 0.0-2.3); 12.4% (95% CI, 9.1-15.6); and 8.8% (95% CI, 6.1-11.5), respectively. Of those subsequently assessed, 50.9% (95% CI, 41.8-60.0) had active HBV infection; 4 (2.9%; 95% CI, 0.9-9.4) were eligible for hepatitis B treatment. Conclusion: In this first population-based serosurvey targeting children and adults in rural Senegal, HBsAg prevalence was very low in the former, meeting the World Health Organization's (WHO) < 1% HBsAg 2020 target; however, it was high in young adults (15-34 years old) born before the HBV vaccine was introduced in 2004. To reach national and WHO hepatitis elimination goals, general population testing (particularly for adolescents and young adults), care, and treatment scale-up need to be implemented.

Domaines: Economies et finances

Lauren Périères, Aldiouma Diallo, Fabienne Marcellin, Marie Libérée Nishimwe, El Hadji Ba, et al.. Hepatitis B in Senegal: A Successful Infant Vaccination Program but Urgent Need to Scale Up Screening and Treatment (ANRS 12356 AmBASS survey). Hepatology Communications, 2022, 6 (5), pp.1005-1015. ⟨10.1002/hep4.1879⟩. ⟨hal-03513350⟩