Inorganic chloramines analysis in water
Résumé
Analysis of inorganic chloramines in waters is of particular interest in the field of drinking waters as they are at the origin of many others disinfection by-products (DBPs). They are formed when free chlorine reacts with nitrogen containing substances present in chlorinated water sources. Their presence is generaly unwanted (except for monochloramine when used a secondary disinfectant) and bears witness of the presence of other potentially more toxic DBPs. Their analysis is also challenging because of their high reactivities, unstabilities in waters, low molecular weight, and high polarity. This chapter introduces first the physical-chemical properties of inorganic chloramines presents, then their modes of preparation (as no standard of inorganic chloramines are commercially-available), and finally the different methods available for analysis of total chloramines and for discrimination of monochlormaine, dichlormaine and trichloramine, in waters.