Socio-Economic Variations Determine the Clinical Presentation, Aetiology and Outcome of Infective Endocarditis: a Prospective Cohort Study from the ESC-EORP EURO-ENDO (European Infective Endocarditis) Registry

Shantanu Sengupta , Bernard Prendergast , Cécile Laroche , Shumaila Furnaz , Ricardo Ronderos , Abdallah Almaghraby , Federico Asch , Kamila Blechova , Hosam Zaky , Jacob Strahilevitz , Rafal Dworakowski , Yoko Miyasaka , Igal Sebag , Chisato Izumi , Olivier Axler , Abdulrahman Jamiel , Mary Philip , Marcelo Luiz Campos Vieira , Patrizio Lancellotti , Gilbert Habib (1, 2) , C Gale , B Beleslin , A Budaj , O Chioncel , N Dagres , N Danchin , J Emberson , D Erlinge , M Glikson , A Gray , M Kayikcioglu , A Maggioni , V Nagy , A Nedoshivin , A-S Petronio , J Roos-Hesselink , L Wallentin , U Zeymer , B Cosyns , E Donal , P Erba , B Iung , B Popescu , P Tornos , M Andarala , C Berle , A Brunel-Lebecq , E Fiorucci , V Missiamenou , C Taylor , N Tatar-Chentir , M Al-Mallah , M Astrom Aneq , G Athanassopoulos , L Badano , S Benyoussef , E Calderon Aranda , N Cardim , K-L Chan , I Cruz , T Edvardsen , G Goliasch , A Hagendorff , K Hristova , O Kamp , D-H Kang , W Kong , S Matskeplishvili , M Meshaal , M Mirocevic , A Neskovic , M Pazdernik , E Plonska-Gosciniak , M Raissouni , L Sade , A Sadeghpour , A Sambola , J Separovic-Hanzevacki , M Takeuchi , E Tucay , A Rodrigues , A Varga , J Vaskelyte , K Yamagata , K Yiangou , I Granada , M Mahia , S Ressi , F Nacinovich , A Iribarren , P Fernandez Oses , G Avegliano , E Filipini , R Obregon , M Bangher , J Dho , L Cartasegna , M Plastino , V Novas , C Shigel , G Reyes , M de Santos , N Gastaldello , M Granillo Fernandez , M Potito , G Streitenberger , P Velazco , J Casabé , C Cortes , E Guevara , F Salmo , M Seijo , F Weidinger , M Heger , R Brooks , C Stöllberger , C-y Ho , L Perschy , L Puskas , C Binder , R Rosenhek , M Schneider , M-P Winter , E Hoffer , M Melissopoulou , E Lecoq , D Legrand , S Jacquet , M Massoz , L Pierard , S Marchetta , R Dulgheru , C D´emal , C Oury , S Droogmans , D Kerkhove , D Plein , L Soens , C Weytjens , A Motoc , B Roosens , I Lemoine , I Rodrigus , B Paelinck , B Amsel , P Unger , D Konopnicki , C Beauloye , A Pasquet , J Vanoverschelde , S Pierard , D Vancraeynest , F Sinnaeve , J Andrade , K Staszko , R dos Santos Monteiro , M Miglioranza , D Shuha , M Alcantara , V Cravo , L Fazzio , A Felix , M Iso , C Musa , A Siciliano , F Villaca Filho , F Vilela , J Braga , R Silva , D Rodrigues , L Silva , S Morhy , C Fischer , M Vieira , T Afonso , J Abreu , S Falcao , V Moises , A Gouvea , F Mancuso , A Souza , C Silva , G João , C Abboud , R Bellio de Mattos Barretto , A Ramos , R Arnoni , J Assef , D Togna , D Le Bihan , L Miglioli , A Oliveira , R Tadeu Magro Kroll , D Cortez , C Gelape , M Nunes , T de Abreu Ferrari , K Hay , V Le , M Page , F Poulin , C Sauve , K Serri , C Mercure , J Beaudoin , P Pibarot , L Rudski , G Ricafort , B Barsic , V Krajinovic , M Vargovic , D Lovric , V Reskovic-Luksic , J Vincelj , S Jaksic Jurinjak , V Yiannikourides , M Ioannides , C Pofaides , V Masoura , J Pudich , A Linhart , M Siranec , J Marek , M Kamenik , R Pelouch , Z Coufal , M Mikulica , M Griva , E Jancova , M Mikulcova , M Taborsky , J Precek , M Jecmenova , J Latal , J Widimsky , T Butta , S Machacek , R Vancata , J Spinar , M Holicka , F Pow Chon Long , N Anzules , a Bajana Carpio , G Largacha , E Penaherrera , D Moreira , E Mahfouz , E Elsafty , A Soliman , Y Zayed , J Aboulenein , M Abdel-Hay , M Abdelnaby , M Ahmed , B Hammad , Y Saleh , H Zahran , O Elgebaly , A Saad , M Ali , A Zeid , R El Sharkawy , a Al Kholy , R Doss , D Osama , H Rizk , A Elmogy , M Mishriky , P Assayag , S El Hatimi , S Hubert , J-P Casalta , F Gouriet , F Arregle , S Cammilleri , L Tessonnier , A Riberi , E Botelho-Nevers , A Gagneux-Brunon , R Pierrard , C Tulane , S Campisi , J-F Fuzellier , M Detoc , T Mehalla , D Boutoille , A Lecompte , M Lefebvre , S Pattier , O Al Habash , N Asseray-Madani , C Biron , J Brochard , J Caillon , C Cueff , T Le Tourneau , R Lecomte , M Michel , J Orain , S Delarue , M Le Bras , J-F Faucher , V Aboyans , A Beeharry , H Durox , M Lacoste , J Magne , D Mohty , A David , V Pradel , V Sierra , A Neykova , B Bettayeb , S Elkentaoui , B Tzvetkov , G Landry , C Strady , K Ainine , S Baumard , C Brasselet , C Tassigny , V Valente-Pires , M Lefranc , B Hoen , B Lefevre , E Curlier , C Callier , N Fourcade , Y Jobic , S Ansard , R Le Berre , F Le Ven , M-C Pouliquen , G Prat , P Le Roux , F Bouchart , A Savoure , C Alarcon , C Chapuzet , I Gueit , C Tribouilloy , Y Bohbot , F Peugnet , M Gun , X Duval , X Lescure , E Ilic-Habensus , N Sadoul , C Selton-Suty , F Alla , F Goehringer , O Huttin , E Chevalier , R Garcia , V Le Marcis , P Tattevin , E Flecher , M Revest , C Chirouze , K Bouiller , L Hustache-Mathieu , T Klopfenstein , J Moreau , D Fournier , A-S Brunel , P Lim , L Oliver , J Ternacle , A Moussafeur , P Chavanet , L Piroth , A Salmon-Rousseau , M Buisson , S Mahy , C Martins , S Gohier , F Baumann , S Lebras , C Piper , D Guckel , J Börgermann , D Horstkotte , E Winkelmann , B Brockmeier , D Grey , G Nickenig , R Schueler , C Öztürk , E Stöhr , C Hamm , T Walther , R Brandt , A-C Frühauf , C Hartung , C Hellner , C Wild , M Becker , S Hamada , W Kaestner , K Stangl , F Knebel , G Baldenhofer , A Brecht , H Dreger , C Isner , F Pfafflin , M Stegemann , R Zahn , B Fraiture , C Kilkowski , A-K Karcher , S Klinger , H Tolksdorf , D Tousoulis , C Aggeli , S Sideris , E Venieri , G Sarri , D Tsiapras , I Armenis , A Koutsiari , G Floros , C Grassos , S Dragasis , L Rallidis , C Varlamos , L Michalis , K Naka , A Bechlioulis , A Kotsia , L Lakkas , K Pappas , C Papadopoulos , S Kiokas , A Lioni , S Misailidou , J Barbetseas , M Bonou , C Kapelios , I Tomprou , K Zerva , A Manolis , E Hamodraka , D Athanasiou , G Haralambidis , H Samaras , L Poulimenos , A Nagy , A Bartykowszki , E Gara , K Mungulmare , R Kasliwal , M Bansal , S Ranjan , A Bhan , M Kyavar , M Maleki , F Noohi Bezanjani , A Alizadehasl , S Boudagh , A Ghavidel , P Moradnejad , H Pasha , B Ghadrdoost , D Gilon , M Wanounou , S Israel , C d'Agostino , P Colonna , L de Michele , F Fumarola , M Stante , N Marchionni , V Scheggi , B Alterini , S del Pace , P Stefano , C Sparano , N Ruozi , R Tenaglia , D Muraru , U Limbruno , A Cresti , P Baratta , M Solari , C Giannattasio , A Moreo , B de Chiara , B Lopez Montero , F Musca , C Orcese , F Panzeri , F Spano , C Russo , O Alfieri , M de Bonis , S Chiappetta , B del Forno , M Ripa , P Scarpellini , C Tassan Din , B Castiglioni , R Pasciuta , S Carletti , D Ferrara , M Guffanti , G Iaci , E Lapenna , T Nisi , C Oltolini , E Busnardo , U Pajoro , E Agricola , R Meneghin , D Schiavi , F Piscione , R Citro , R Benvenga , L Greco , L Soriente , I Radano , C Prota , M Bellino , D Di Vece , F Santini , A Salsano , G Olivieri , F Turrini , R Messora , S Tondi , A Olaru , V Agnoletto , L Grassi , C Leonardi , S Sansoni , S del Ponte , G Dato , A de Martino , N Ohte , S Kikuchi , K Wakami , K Aonuma , Y Seo , T Ishizu , T Machino-Ohtsuka , M Yamamoto , N Iida , H Nakajima , Y Nakagawa , M Amano , M Miyake , K Takahashi , I Shiojima , H Maeba , Y Suwa , N Taniguchi , S Tsujimoto , T Kitai , M Ota , S Yuda , S Sasaki , N Hagiwara , K Yamazaki , K Ashihara , K Arai , C Saitou , S Saitou , G Suzuki , Y Shibata , N Watanabe , S Nishino , K Ashikaga , N Kuriyama , K Mahara , T Okubo , H Fujimaki , H Shitan , H Yamamoto , K Abe , M Terada , S Takanashi , M Sata , H Yamada , K Kusunose , Y Saijo , H Seno , O Yuichiro , T Onishi , F Sera , S Nakatani , H Mizuno , K Sengoku , S-J Park , K Eun Kyoung , L Ga Yeon , J-W Hwang , C Jin-Oh , L Sang-Chol , C Sung-A , S Jang , R Heo , S Lee , J-M Song , E Jung , J Plisiene , A Dambrauskaite , G Gruodyte , R Jonkaitiene , V Mizariene , J Atkocaityte , R Zvirblyte , R Sow , A Codreanu , T Staub , C Michaux , E de La Vega , L Jacobs-Orazi , C Mallia Azzopardi , R Xuereb , T Piscopo , J Farrugia , M Fenech , E Pllaha , C Vella , D Borg , R Casha , L Grib , E Raevschi , A Grejdieru , D Kravcenco , E Prisacari , E Samohvalov , S Samohvalov , N Sceglova , E Panfile , L Cardaniuc , V Corcea , A Feodorovici , V Gaina , L Girbu , P Jimbei , G Balan , I Cardaniuc , I Benesco , V Marian , N Sumarga , B Bozovic , N Bulatovic , P Lakovic , L Music , R Budde , A Wahadat , T Gamela , T Meijers , J van Melle , V Deursen , H Crijns , S Bekkers , E Cheriex , M Gilbers , B Kietselaer , C Knackstedt , R Lorusso , S Schalla , S Streukens , S Chamuleau , M-J Cramer , A Teske , T van Der Spoel , A Wind , J Lokhorst , O Liesbek , H van Heusden , W Tanis , I van Der Bilt , J Vriend , H de Lange-van Bruggen , E Karijodikoro , R Riezebos , E van Dongen , J Schoep , V Stolk , J Offstad , J Beitnes , T Helle-Valle , H Skulstad , R Skardal , N Qamar , B Ahmed , M Butt , M Khanzada , T Saghir , A Wahid , T Hryniewiecki , P Szymanski , K Marzec , M Misztal-Ogonowska , W Kosmala , M Przewlocka-Kosmala , A Rojek , K Woznicka , J Zachwyc , A Lisowska , M Kaminska , J Kasprzak , E Kowalczyk , D Strzecka , P Wejner-Mik , M Trabulo , P Freitas , S Ranchordas , G Rodrigues , P Pinto , C Queiros , J Azevedo , L Marques , D Seabra , L Branco , M Cruz , A Galrinho , R Moreira , P Rio , A Timoteo , M Selas , V Carmelo , B Duque Neves , H Pereira , A Guerra , A Marques , I Pintassilgo , M Tomescu , N-M Trofenciuc , M Andor , A Bordejevic , H Branea , F Caruntu , L Velcean , A Mavrea , M Onel , T Parvanescu , D Pop , A Pop-Moldovan , M Puticiu , L Cirin , I Citu , C Cotoraci , D Darabantiu , R Farcas , I Marincu , A Ionac , D Cozma , C Mornos , F Goanta , I Popescu , R Beyer , R Mada , R Rancea , R Tomoaia , H Rosianu , C Stanescu , Z Kobalava , J Karaulova , E Kotova , A Milto , A Pisaryuk , N Povalyaev , M Sorokina , J Alrahimi , A Elshiekh , A Ahmed , N Attia , B Putnikovic , A Dimic , B Ivanovic , S Matic , D Trifunovic , J Petrovic , D Kosevic , I Stojanovic , I Petrovic , P Dabic , P Milojevic , I Srdanovic , S Susak , L Velicki , A Vulin , M Kovacevic , A Redzek , M Stefanovic , T Yeo , K Poh , I Vilacosta , C Ferrera , C Olmos , M Abd El Nasser , F Calvo Iglesias , E Blanco-Gonzalez , M Bravo Amaro , E Lopez-Rodriguez , J Lugo Adan , A Germinas , P Pazos-Lopez , M Pereira Loureiro , M Perez , S Raposeiras-Roubin , S Rasheed Yas , M-M Suarez-Varela , F Vasallo Vidal , D Garcia-Dorado , N Fernandez-Hidalgo , T Gonzalez-Alujas , J Lozano , O Maisterra , N Pizzi , R Rios , A Bayes-Genis , L Pedro Botet , N Vallejo , C Llibre , L Mateu , R Nunez , D Quesada , E Berastegui , D Bosch Portell , J Aboal Vinas , X Albert Bertran , R Brugada Tarradellas , P Loma-Osorio Ricon , C Tiron de Llano , M Arnau , A Bel , M Blanes , A Osa , M Anguita , F Carrasco , J Castillo , J Zamorano , J Mur , M Alvaro , C Fernandez-Golfin , J Monteagudo , E Navas Elorza , M Alvarez , J Aguero Balbin , J Zarauza , J Gutierrez-Diez , C Arminanzas , F Arnaiz de Las Revillas , a Arnaiz Garcia , M Cobo Belaustegui , M Fernandez Sampedro , M Gutierrez Cuadra , L Garcia Cuello , C Gonzalez Rico , R Rodriguez-Alvarez , J Goikoetxea , M Montejo , J Miro , M Almela , J Ambrosioni , A Moreno , E Quintana , E Sandoval , A Tellez , J Tolosana , B Vidal , C Falces , D Fuster , C Garcia-De-La-Maria , M Hernandez-Meneses , J Llopis ,