Rock around the Rawls. A theory of justice entre désaccords, dissonances et différends
Résumé
John Rawls was the most famous American political philosopher of the XX th Century. He worked his whole life on his manuscript, which was first published in 1971, and was called A theory of justice. In this paper I aim to read again and deconstruct this major book. My purpose is to focus on the psychical motivations of Rawls to insist on the fact that a complete consensus rather than a simple modus vivendi is necessary for achieving the goal of democracy, that is to say a fair equal political regime. My assumption is that Rawls's desire of writing a perfect theory of justice, through a work forever in progress and unachieved, is the consequence of his sufferings lasting his whole life and due to a Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resulting from his engagement as soldier during the second World War. Deconstructing the text by the margins (index, foot notes, conferences making the point on the changes in the theory) helps to understand Rawls phobia of philosophical or public debate, as well as the silences of the Theory about the injustices, undermining it from within, while he persisted to ignore the racial and sexual discriminations.
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